{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995620351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","title":"The Criminal Law of Ancient Rome.","display_name":"The Criminal Law of Ancient Rome.","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995620351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","mag":"1995620351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2171532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066561697","display_name":"William Turpin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Turpin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103189987","display_name":"O.F. Robinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-0025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-0025"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. F. Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4620},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":189,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94019811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"102","issue":"3","first_page":"792","last_page":"792"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.8080999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.8080999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13739","display_name":"Medieval and Early Modern Justice","score":0.13490000367164612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-criminal-law","display_name":"Roman criminal law","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-rome","display_name":"ancient Rome","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-liability","display_name":"criminal liability","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulla","display_name":"Sulla","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-roman-republic","display_name":"late Roman Republic","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violent-crime","display_name":"violent crime","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-offenses","display_name":"sexual offences","score":0.9959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.759709358215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202565627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146491","display_name":"Criminal law","level":2,"score":0.6310608983039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776119841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837675","display_name":"Jury","level":2,"score":0.5218809247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5185216665267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4818897843360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47014740109443665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.451474130153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4514712691307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2171532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2171532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:works.swarthmore.edu:fac-classics-1021","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-classics/22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196506","display_name":"Works - Scholarship, Research, & Creative Expression (Swarthmore College)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118020396","host_organization_name":"Swarthmore College","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Classics Faculty Works","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2746655926","https://openalex.org/W2989813053","https://openalex.org/W4229023252","https://openalex.org/W637538196","https://openalex.org/W2027786697","https://openalex.org/W198433103","https://openalex.org/W2047276237","https://openalex.org/W3167527657","https://openalex.org/W4312189683","https://openalex.org/W7213454722"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"the":[1,27,36,41,72,77,85,114,118,122,130,140,168,173],"Romans":[2],"lived":[3],"in":[4,15,19,35,80,139],"a":[5,96,111],"society":[6],"very":[7],"different":[8],"from":[9,33],"ours,":[10],"they":[11],"were":[12],"like":[13],"us":[14],"fearing":[16],"crime":[17],"and":[18,62,68,106,121,170],"hoping":[20],"to":[21,47,64,71,82],"control":[22],"it":[23,136],"by":[24],"means":[25],"of":[26,89,99,103,113,124,133,146,176],"law.":[28],"Ordinary":[29],"citizens":[30],"wanted":[31,63],"protection":[32],"muggers":[34],"streets":[37],"or":[38,53],"thieves":[39],"at":[40,129],"public":[42,55],"baths.":[43],"They":[44],"demanded":[45],"laws":[46],"punish":[48],"officials":[49],"who":[50,59],"abused":[51],"power":[52],"embezzled":[54],"monies.":[56],"Even":[57],"emperors,":[58],"feared":[60],"plotters":[61],"repress":[65],"subversive":[66],"ideas":[67],"doctrines,":[69],"looked":[70],"law":[73,88,119,132],"for":[74,159],"protection.":[75],"In":[76],"first":[78],"book":[79],"English":[81],"focus":[83],"on":[84],"substantive":[86],"criminal":[87,125,131],"ancient":[90],"Rome,":[91],"O.":[92],"F.":[93],"Robinson":[94,108],"offers":[95],"lively":[97],"study":[98],"an":[100],"essential":[101],"aspect":[102],"Roman":[104],"life":[105],"identity.":[107],"begins":[109],"with":[110],"discussion":[112],"framework":[115],"within":[116],"which":[117],"operated":[120],"nature":[123],"responsibility.":[126],"She":[127],"looks":[128],"Rome":[134],"as":[135],"was":[137],"established":[138],"late":[141],"Republic":[142],"under":[143],"Sulla's":[144],"system":[145],"standing":[147],"jury-courts.":[148],"Grouping":[149],"offenses":[150,166,171],"functionally":[151],"into":[152],"five":[153],"chapters,":[154],"she":[155],"examines":[156],"crimes":[157,161],"committed":[158],"gain,":[160],"involving":[162],"violence,":[163],"sexual":[164],"offenses,":[165],"against":[167,172],"state,":[169],"due":[174],"ordering":[175],"society.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}