{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995613569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","title":"Clinical chemistry as scientific discipline: Historical perspectives","display_name":"Clinical chemistry as scientific discipline: Historical perspectives","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995613569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","mag":"1995613569","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7720266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207549998","display_name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","issn_l":"0009-8981","issn":["0009-8981","1873-3492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111476841","display_name":"Johannes B\u00fcttner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34809795","display_name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johannes B\u00fcttner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Chemistry I, University Medical School Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry I, University Medical School Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111476841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9119,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98496393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"232","issue":"1-2","first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.05460000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14275","display_name":"Historical Medical Research and Treatments","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-clinical-chemistry","display_name":"history of clinical chemistry","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"medical education","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-revolution","display_name":"French Revolution","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-laboratory","display_name":"clinical laboratory","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.6785626411437988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45237549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376796","display_name":"Restructuring","level":2,"score":0.5647256374359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48610973358154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.4374486804008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.392924964427948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35490915179252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3289610743522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23128056526184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20127853751182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.1695776879787445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14031392335891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12424474954605103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002624","descriptor_name":"Chemistry, Clinical","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010336","descriptor_name":"Pathology","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(94)90156-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207549998","display_name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","issn_l":"0009-8981","issn":["0009-8981","1873-3492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7720266","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7720266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry","raw_type":"Historical Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6643394","https://openalex.org/W185253457","https://openalex.org/W621370444","https://openalex.org/W974797400","https://openalex.org/W1490574873","https://openalex.org/W1537809723","https://openalex.org/W1596330968","https://openalex.org/W1977076916","https://openalex.org/W1980165779","https://openalex.org/W2097663154","https://openalex.org/W2328286069","https://openalex.org/W2412641398","https://openalex.org/W2418114895","https://openalex.org/W2419381745","https://openalex.org/W2476079186","https://openalex.org/W2557960275","https://openalex.org/W3000605467","https://openalex.org/W4206211933","https://openalex.org/W4293276068","https://openalex.org/W4364356017","https://openalex.org/W6648757227","https://openalex.org/W6717285325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798909240","https://openalex.org/W2160667646","https://openalex.org/W1593477365","https://openalex.org/W4237413816","https://openalex.org/W2492344830","https://openalex.org/W2058914056","https://openalex.org/W2087456205","https://openalex.org/W7096095469","https://openalex.org/W3128402325","https://openalex.org/W2101321747"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
