{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995468477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","title":"Universal Standardization of Forearm Bone Densitometry","display_name":"Universal Standardization of Forearm Bone Densitometry","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995468477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","mag":"1995468477","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11918231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128199769","display_name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","issn_l":"0884-0431","issn":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110908156","display_name":"J. Shepherd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-2541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-2541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John A. Shepherd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111863608","display_name":"Xiao Guang Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Guang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057666375","display_name":"Ying L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-8962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-8962","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-0206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111380912","display_name":"Chris Njeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Njeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080261777","display_name":"J. O. Toschke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorg Toschke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091603719","display_name":"Klaus Engelke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-4123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-4123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Engelke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen/N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen/N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090943942","display_name":"M Grigorian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Grigorian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042012204","display_name":"Harry K. Genant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-2020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-2020"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry K. Genant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","Dr. Genant and Dr. Shepherd serve as consultants. All other authors have no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Genant and Dr. Shepherd serve as consultants. All other authors have no conflict of interest","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110908156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"],"apc_list":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9424102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"734","last_page":"745"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12279","display_name":"Body Composition Measurement Techniques","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-mineral-density","display_name":"bone mineral density","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-calibration","display_name":"cross-calibration","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phantoms","display_name":"phantoms","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-precision","display_name":"measurement precision","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women","display_name":"women","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136496925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189807","display_name":"Densitometry","level":2,"score":0.802304744720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45586990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189804","display_name":"Densitometer","level":2,"score":0.7804834842681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780214079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228537","display_name":"Forearm","level":2,"score":0.7672964334487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.7237804532051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.620969831943512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.536575198173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567","display_name":"Bone mineral","level":3,"score":0.5294646620750427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779329777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401","display_name":"Bone density","level":3,"score":0.4616585671901703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9893847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425625","display_name":"Reproducibility","level":2,"score":0.43851137161254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3867969512939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3214021921157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2903793752193451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.28046914935112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.21675536036491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2001802623271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11472845077514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015502","descriptor_name":"Absorptiometry, Photon","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.4.734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128199769","display_name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","issn_l":"0884-0431","issn":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11918231","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11918231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497922299","https://openalex.org/W1953768748","https://openalex.org/W1964087302","https://openalex.org/W1979562073","https://openalex.org/W1979924530","https://openalex.org/W1985990351","https://openalex.org/W1993857965","https://openalex.org/W2015113672","https://openalex.org/W2015795623","https://openalex.org/W2016844031","https://openalex.org/W2017480411","https://openalex.org/W2020671611","https://openalex.org/W2067402103","https://openalex.org/W2078482554","https://openalex.org/W2115660903","https://openalex.org/W2153088288","https://openalex.org/W2465692541","https://openalex.org/W2466728614","https://openalex.org/W4248123377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2323736395","https://openalex.org/W1998766946","https://openalex.org/W4254194697","https://openalex.org/W1993377891","https://openalex.org/W2075187186","https://openalex.org/W1978034490","https://openalex.org/W4255269318","https://openalex.org/W4307737909","https://openalex.org/W2430246811","https://openalex.org/W1980898346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"part":[1],"of":[2,60,68,79,121,156],"an":[3],"effort":[4],"to":[5,92,142,179],"quantify":[6],"device-dependent":[7],"differences":[8,70,209],"in":[9,21,71,172,174,183],"forearm":[10,29],"bone":[11,30,122,140],"density,":[12],"101":[13],"women,":[14],"aged":[15],"20-80":[16],"years":[17],"(approximately":[18],"16":[19],"women":[20],"each":[22,87],"age":[23],"decade),":[24],"were":[25,65,150,165],"scanned":[26,151],"on":[27,154,214],"six":[28],"densitometers:":[31],"the":[32,35,38,41,44,48,72,105,115,157,160,173,181,206],"Aloka":[33],"DCS-600EX,":[34],"Hologic":[36],"QDR-4500A,":[37],"Lunar":[39],"PIXI,":[40],"Norland":[42],"pDEXA,":[43],"Osteometer":[45],"DTX-200,":[46],"and":[47,75,109,131,152,159,162],"Pronosco":[49],"X-posure":[50],"System.":[51],"Regression":[52],"statistics":[53],"are":[54,125],"reported":[55,81],"for":[56,82,112,127,137,145,194],"all":[57],"similar":[58,117],"regions":[59],"interest":[61],"(ROIs).":[62],"However,":[63],"comparisons":[64,113],"confounded":[66],"because":[67,205],"large":[69],"ROI":[73],"size":[74],"placement.":[76],"The":[77,94],"number":[78],"ROIs":[80],"a":[83],"single":[84],"scan":[85],"by":[86],"device":[88],"varied":[89],"from":[90,98,202,211],"1":[91],"12.":[93],"correlation":[95,107],"coefficients":[96,108],"ranged":[97],"0.7":[99],"<":[100,102],"r":[101],"0.97,":[103],"with":[104],"highest":[106],"lowest":[110],"SEs":[111],"between":[114,177],"most":[116],"ROIs.":[118],"Standardized":[119],"units":[120],"mineral":[123],"density":[124],"derived":[126,144],"distal":[128],"(sdBMD),":[129],"mid-(smBMD),":[130],"proximal":[132],"(spBMD)":[133],"ROTs":[134],"that":[135],"allow":[136],"comparable":[138],"mean":[139,163],"densities":[141],"be":[143,188,219],"patient":[146,196],"populations.":[147],"Five":[148],"phantoms":[149],"characterized":[153],"five":[155],"devices":[158,204],"precision":[161],"values":[164,169],"reported.":[166],"These":[167],"phantom":[168],"will":[170],"aid":[171],"vitro":[175],"cross-calibration":[176],"manufacturers":[178],"recreate":[180],"presented":[182],"vivo":[184],"relationships.":[185],"Care":[186],"should":[187],"exercised":[189],"when":[190],"using":[191],"these":[192],"equations":[193],"cross-calibrating":[195],"databases":[197],"or":[198],"pooling":[199],"clinical":[200],"data":[201],"different":[203,216],"least":[207],"significant":[208],"detectable":[210],"measurements":[212],"taken":[213],"two":[215],"machines":[217],"can":[218],"increased":[220],"substantially.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
