{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995465638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","title":"Ballistic theory of light","display_name":"Ballistic theory of light","publication_year":1967,"publication_date":"1967-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995465638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","mag":"1995465638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/ep.1967.0077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739583531","display_name":"Electronics and Power","issn_l":"0013-5127","issn":["0013-5127","2053-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics and Power","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004956439","display_name":"J. W. Gallop","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.W. Gallop","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Stafford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Stafford, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024450097","display_name":"A. Van de Bogart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Van de Bogart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caseco Consultants, Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caseco Consultants, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087987122","display_name":"Martin Ruderfer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Ruderfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dimensions Inc., Hempstead, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dimensions Inc., Hempstead, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"95","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11683","display_name":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11683","display_name":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13126","display_name":"Scientific Research and Discoveries","score":0.16699999570846558,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.05849999934434891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-propagation","display_name":"light propagation","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-trajectories","display_name":"photon trajectories","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.32792091369628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3214373290538788}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/ep.1967.0077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ep.1967.0077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739583531","display_name":"Electronics and Power","issn_l":"0013-5127","issn":["0013-5127","2053-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics and Power","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008965425","https://openalex.org/W6657146542"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008869212","https://openalex.org/W3044455998","https://openalex.org/W4238271273","https://openalex.org/W4231639287","https://openalex.org/W2054323437","https://openalex.org/W2214024689","https://openalex.org/W2407461769","https://openalex.org/W4252035794","https://openalex.org/W1659905318","https://openalex.org/W4205785735"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T09:40:40.371523","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}