{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995404096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","title":"Formulation and characterization of \u03b1-tocopherol loaded poly \u025b-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles","display_name":"Formulation and characterization of \u03b1-tocopherol loaded poly \u025b-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995404096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","mag":"1995404096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643810002501/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26760650","display_name":"LWT","issn_l":"0023-6438","issn":["0023-6438","1096-1127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"LWT - Food Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643810002501/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008363409","display_name":"Youngjae Byun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngjae Byun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112014999","display_name":"Jin Bong Hwang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114577","display_name":"Korea Food Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/028jp5z02","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210114577","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Bong Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Food Research Institute, 516 Bakhyun-dong, Bundang-gu, Sungnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Food Research Institute, 516 Bakhyun-dong, Bundang-gu, Sungnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102427099","display_name":"Sung Hwan Bang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Hwan Bang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Technology, 306 School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Technology, 306 School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040338207","display_name":"Duncan O. Darby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duncan Darby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062731195","display_name":"Kay Cooksey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kay Cooksey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060151002","display_name":"Paul Dawson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-8144","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-8144"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul L. Dawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Science, 204 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Science, 204 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101720008","display_name":"Hyun Jin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5882-2790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5882-2790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Jin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Technology, 306 School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea","Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Technology, 306 School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025763131","display_name":"Scott Whiteside","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Scott Whiteside","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Packaging Science, B-212 Poole & Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0320, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025763131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"apc_list":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"apc_paid":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"fwci":4.5025,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93162825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"1","first_page":"24","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12048","display_name":"Microencapsulation and Drying Processes","score":0.4821999967098236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12048","display_name":"Microencapsulation and Drying Processes","score":0.4821999967098236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10411","display_name":"Proteins in Food Systems","score":0.31029999256134033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.14069999754428864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-tocopherol","display_name":"alpha-tocopherol","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polycaprolactone","display_name":"polycaprolactone","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticles","display_name":"nanoparticles","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulsion-solvent-evaporation","display_name":"emulsion solvent evaporation","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonification","display_name":"ultrasonification","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encapsulation-efficiency","display_name":"encapsulation efficiency","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size","display_name":"particle size","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dichloromethane","display_name":"dichloromethane","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetonitrile","display_name":"acetonitrile","score":0.699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780471494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505","display_name":"Solvent","level":2,"score":0.6773231029510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.6433014869689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781111393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288104","display_name":"Caprolactone","level":4,"score":0.5567072033882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.5171319842338562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.510043203830719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3980899155139923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.38376060128211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.35628655552864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.23427146673202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.10441938042640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.0755378007888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15920480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421281","display_name":"Copolymer","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643810002501/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26760650","display_name":"LWT","issn_l":"0023-6438","issn":["0023-6438","1096-1127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"LWT - Food Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2145910113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pack.korea.ac.kr/non/113.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.06.032","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643810002501/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26760650","display_name":"LWT","issn_l":"0023-6438","issn":["0023-6438","1096-1127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"LWT - Food Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1995404096.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1995404096.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W653459322","https://openalex.org/W1494713003","https://openalex.org/W1988813908","https://openalex.org/W2002163224","https://openalex.org/W2009974403","https://openalex.org/W2010908849","https://openalex.org/W2031150432","https://openalex.org/W2032735637","https://openalex.org/W2054177915","https://openalex.org/W2058119752","https://openalex.org/W2062214096","https://openalex.org/W2062234084","https://openalex.org/W2062476487","https://openalex.org/W2063994261","https://openalex.org/W2065982455","https://openalex.org/W2075379280","https://openalex.org/W2113220146","https://openalex.org/W2129326379","https://openalex.org/W2135782311","https://openalex.org/W2156368993","https://openalex.org/W2165201727","https://openalex.org/W2196986366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145910113","https://openalex.org/W1964251354","https://openalex.org/W2021267583","https://openalex.org/W4312885057","https://openalex.org/W1958608613","https://openalex.org/W1991603578","https://openalex.org/W2997119849","https://openalex.org/W2039411598","https://openalex.org/W2414776278","https://openalex.org/W2314108019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u03b1-tocopherol-loaded":[0],"poly":[1],"\u025b-caprolactone":[2],"(PCL)":[3],"nanoparticles":[4],"were":[5,47,136],"prepared":[6],"by":[7,54],"emulsion":[8],"solvent":[9,24,79,120,172],"evaporation":[10],"with":[11,116,133,149,177],"ultrasonification":[12,40,67,106,180],"technique.":[13],"The":[14],"influences":[15],"of":[16],"PCL":[17,88,146,148,168],"concentration":[18,153],"(3":[19],"and":[20,32,39,44,59,84,95],"5":[21,85,160,165],"g/100":[22,86,97,151,161,166],"mL),":[23],"in":[25,80,121,140,169,173],"the":[26,81,122,131,174,183],"oil":[27,82,123,175],"phase":[28,83,124,176],"(methylene":[29],"chloride":[30],"(DCM)":[31],"methylene":[33],"chloride:":[34],"acetonitrile":[35],"=":[36],"50:50":[37],"(DCM:ACN)),":[38],"time":[41,68,107,181],"(1,":[42],"2,":[43],"3":[45,74,96,113,150,178],"min)":[46],"investigated.":[48],"Encapsulation":[49],"efficiency":[50,92],"(%)":[51,158],"was":[52,69,103,108],"calculated":[53],"Duncan\u2019s":[55],"multiple":[56],"rage":[57],"tests":[58],"it":[60],"decreased":[61,104],"from":[62,71,110],"87.73":[63],"to":[64,73,112],"57.45":[65],"when":[66,105],"increased":[70,109],"1":[72,111],"min.":[75,114],"DCM":[76,117,170],"as":[77,118,171],"a":[78,119],"mL":[87,98,152,162,167],"showed":[89,182],"better":[90],"encapsulation":[91,185],"than":[93,130,159],"DCM:ACN":[94],"PCL.":[99,163],"Particle":[100],"mean":[101,128,142],"size":[102,129,143],"Nanoparticles":[115],"had":[125,154],"larger":[126],"particle":[127,132,141],"DCM:ACN.":[134],"There":[135],"no":[137],"significant":[138],"differences":[139],"between":[144],"two":[145],"concentrations.":[147],"higher":[155],"\u03b1-tocopherol":[156],"loading":[157],"Overall,":[164],"min":[179],"best":[184],"formulation.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
