{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995384012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","title":"Mechanism of concrete deterioration due to salt crystallization","display_name":"Mechanism of concrete deterioration due to salt crystallization","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995384012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","mag":"1995384012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53842986","display_name":"Materials Characterization","issn_l":"1044-5803","issn":["1044-5803","1873-4189"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Characterization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025880902","display_name":"Niels Thaulow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51885818","display_name":"RJ Lee Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02k1p7q76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51885818"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Niels Thaulow","raw_affiliation_strings":["RJ Lee Group, Inc., 350 Hochberg Rd., Monroeville, PA 15146, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RJ Lee Group, Inc., 350 Hochberg Rd., Monroeville, PA 15146, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51885818"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103516711","display_name":"Sadananda Sahu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51885818","display_name":"RJ Lee Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02k1p7q76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51885818"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadananda Sahu","raw_affiliation_strings":["RJ Lee Group, Inc., 350 Hochberg Rd., Monroeville, PA 15146, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RJ Lee Group, Inc., 350 Hochberg Rd., Monroeville, PA 15146, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51885818"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025880902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51885818"],"apc_list":{"value":3320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":223,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77428047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"2-4","first_page":"123","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11850","display_name":"Concrete Corrosion and Durability","score":0.042500000447034836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concrete-deterioration","display_name":"concrete deterioration","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-crystallization","display_name":"salt crystallization","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efflorescence","display_name":"efflorescence","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-sulfate","display_name":"sodium sulfate","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thenardite","display_name":"thenardite","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mirabilite","display_name":"mirabilite","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystallization-pressure","display_name":"crystallization pressure","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-change","display_name":"volume change","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-scaling","display_name":"surface scaling","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91464221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778128","display_name":"Efflorescence","level":2,"score":0.9296318292617798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777544482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211737","display_name":"Sodium sulfate","level":3,"score":0.7952938079833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203036418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284256","display_name":"Crystallization","level":2,"score":0.7597689032554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776371256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12370","display_name":"Salt (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7253804802894592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187714232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2745207","display_name":"Anhydrous","level":2,"score":0.6525647044181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6122449040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38743072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504492","display_name":"Water of crystallization","level":2,"score":0.536561906337738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.5028762221336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778343803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172290","display_name":"Sulfate","level":2,"score":0.4467169940471649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.39228612184524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.39007097482681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.3264821767807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.23548507690429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.17786970734596252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.16639795899391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.12990862131118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53842986","display_name":"Materials Characterization","issn_l":"1044-5803","issn":["1044-5803","1873-4189"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Characterization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990537587","https://openalex.org/W2016285180","https://openalex.org/W2032251543","https://openalex.org/W2047253535","https://openalex.org/W2071050140","https://openalex.org/W2072720930","https://openalex.org/W2090682847","https://openalex.org/W2463539660","https://openalex.org/W3024620983","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6719526709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050688118","https://openalex.org/W2368319656","https://openalex.org/W2090682847","https://openalex.org/W2357964312","https://openalex.org/W2379285879","https://openalex.org/W2895497574","https://openalex.org/W1992700877","https://openalex.org/W2154195105","https://openalex.org/W420182478","https://openalex.org/W2474213435"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
