{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995358516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","title":"E INSTEIN and M ICHELSON The Context of Discovery and the Context of Justification","display_name":"E INSTEIN and M ICHELSON The Context of Discovery and the Context of Justification","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995358516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","mag":"1995358516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/asna.2103030110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173695690","display_name":"Astronomische Nachrichten","issn_l":"0004-6337","issn":["0004-6337","1521-3994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Astronomische Nachrichten","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089854156","display_name":"John J. Stachel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40036882","display_name":"Institute for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/00f809463","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40036882"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Stachel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Princeton University","EINSTEIN Project Institute for Advanced Study Princeton","On leave from Department of Physics, Boston University","Princeton University Department of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton, New Jersey 08540 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Princeton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EINSTEIN Project Institute for Advanced Study Princeton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40036882"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"On leave from Department of Physics, Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University Department of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton, New Jersey 08540 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089854156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I40036882"],"apc_list":{"value":2810,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.504,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89126926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"303","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.13950000703334808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.010300000198185444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-of-discovery","display_name":"context of discovery","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-of-justification","display_name":"context of justification","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albert-einstein","display_name":"Albert Einstein","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-relativity","display_name":"relativity","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-relativity","display_name":"history of relativity","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"philosophy of science","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-discovery","display_name":"scientific discovery","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149324446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43514","display_name":"Theory of relativity","level":2,"score":0.6770260334014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146846114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901448","display_name":"Einstein","level":2,"score":0.6651346683502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.6417539119720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.5454548001289368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.53792405128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5306792855262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5046230554580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.488603413105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983390893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092582","display_name":"Logical analysis","level":3,"score":0.4269167184829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3154368996620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22409671545028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.18388211727142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1570945382118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.14946213364601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.12429124116897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10287666320800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745328","display_name":"Mathematical statistics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/asna.2103030110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.2103030110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173695690","display_name":"Astronomische Nachrichten","issn_l":"0004-6337","issn":["0004-6337","1521-3994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Astronomische Nachrichten","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3028272566","https://openalex.org/W3143195298","https://openalex.org/W2179652021","https://openalex.org/W2170055259","https://openalex.org/W4407355262","https://openalex.org/W586673850","https://openalex.org/W791536433","https://openalex.org/W22438780","https://openalex.org/W153658802","https://openalex.org/W118438605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"philosopher":[2],"of":[3,24,43,49,61,98,101],"science":[4],"is":[5,37],"not":[6,38],"much":[7],"intersted":[8],"in":[9,40,46,82,92],"the":[10,25,29,41,47,58,65,79,95,99,106],"thought":[11],"processes":[12],"which":[13,108],"lead":[14],"to":[15,55,89],"scientific":[16],"discoveries;":[17],"he":[18,36],"looks":[19],"for":[20],"a":[21],"logical":[22,59,96],"analysis":[23,60],"completed":[26],"theory,":[27,94],"including":[28],"relationships":[30],"establishing":[31],"its":[32,69,110],"validity.":[33],"That":[34],"is,":[35],"interested":[39],"context":[42,48],"discovery,":[44],"but":[45],"justification":[50],"\u2026":[51],"it":[52,74],"appears":[53],"amazing":[54],"what":[56],"extent":[57],"relativity":[62,102],"coincides":[63],"with":[64,105],"original":[66],"interpretation":[67],"by":[68],"author,":[70],"as":[71,73],"far":[72],"can":[75],"be":[76],"constructed":[77],"from":[78],"scanty":[80],"remarks":[81],"E":[83],"INSTEIN":[84],"'s":[85],"publications.":[86],"In":[87],"contradistinction":[88],"some":[90],"developments":[91],"quantum":[93],"schema":[97],"theory":[100],"corresponds":[103],"surprisingly":[104],"program":[107],"controlled":[109],"discovery.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}