{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995178073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","title":"The Provisions on Closer Co\u2010operation in the Treaty of Amsterdam: The Politics of Flexibility in the European Union","display_name":"The Provisions on Closer Co\u2010operation in the Treaty of Amsterdam: The Politics of Flexibility in the European Union","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995178073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","mag":"1995178073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-5965.00151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122406424","display_name":"JCMS Journal of Common Market Studies","issn_l":"0021-9886","issn":["0021-9886","1468-5965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086529896","display_name":"\u00c9ric Philippart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","ror":"https://ror.org/01r9htc13","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Philippart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Facultaire de Recherches Internationales \u2013 Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Facultaire de Recherches Internationales \u2013 Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Geoffrey Edwards","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of International Studies, University of Cambridge,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of International Studies, University of Cambridge,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4170},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":56.7292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99715524,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"87","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.01860000006854534,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14255","display_name":"European Law and Migration","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treaty-of-amsterdam","display_name":"Amsterdam Treaty","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-integration","display_name":"European integration","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-flexibility","display_name":"political flexibility","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-institutional-reform","display_name":"EU institutional reform","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union-politics","display_name":"European Union politics","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-decision-making-procedures","display_name":"EU decision-making procedures","score":0.38100001215934753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.8431072235107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131569","display_name":"Treaty","level":2,"score":0.7288996577262878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6523445844650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6195604801177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5810521245002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5122150778770447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49964475631713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.44908612966537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44895708560943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3320590853691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2745932936668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.262827605009079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2580890655517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24163460731506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.21527045965194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2110569179058075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.11943310499191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10894206166267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-5965.00151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5965.00151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122406424","display_name":"JCMS Journal of Common Market Studies","issn_l":"0021-9886","issn":["0021-9886","1468-5965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/167095","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/167095/3/167095.pdf","pdf_url":"https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/167095/3/167095.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401063","display_name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel de l'Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles (Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of common market studies, 37 (1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:2263402091","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/167095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3142341486","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/ulb/ulbeco/2013-167095.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401063","display_name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel de l'Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles (Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ULB Institutional Repository","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524308187","https://openalex.org/W1974912287","https://openalex.org/W7139193524","https://openalex.org/W23893803","https://openalex.org/W4388433272","https://openalex.org/W568331760","https://openalex.org/W4245997013","https://openalex.org/W2951397124","https://openalex.org/W7135893138","https://openalex.org/W2201142535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"provisions":[1],"on":[2],"closer":[3],"co\u2010operation":[4],"are":[5],"the":[6,14,21,24,32,35,41,52],"main":[7],"conceptual":[8],"and":[9,34,43],"procedural":[10],"innovation":[11],"introduced":[12],"by":[13],"Treaty":[15],"of":[16,23,31,45,49],"Amsterdam.":[17],"This":[18],"article":[19],"examines":[20],"philosophy":[22],"new":[25],"system":[26],"through":[27],"a":[28],"systematic":[29],"review":[30],"methods":[33],"underlying":[36],"principles.":[37],"It":[38],"then":[39],"discusses":[40],"meaning":[42],"implications":[44],"this":[46],"general":[47],"mechanism":[48],"flexibility":[50],"for":[51],"EU":[53],"integration":[54],"process.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
