{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994953534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","title":"The Influence of Mother-Tongue Maintenance on Acquisition of English Language Skills among Day Secondary School Students in Imenti South District, Kenya","display_name":"The Influence of Mother-Tongue Maintenance on Acquisition of English Language Skills among Day Secondary School Students in Imenti South District, Kenya","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994953534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","mag":"1994953534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","pdf_url":"https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijl/article/download/3318/2793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764909608","display_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","issn_l":"1948-5425","issn":["1948-5425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijl/article/download/3318/2793","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108371001","display_name":"Peter Kinyua Muriungi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132944300","display_name":"Chuka University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cqafq62","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132944300"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Kinyua Muriungi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chuka University P.O Box 109-60400 Chuka, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chuka University P.O Box 109-60400 Chuka, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132944300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071504811","display_name":"Mercy Kimathi Mbui","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119444248","display_name":"Nkumba University","ror":"https://ror.org/057mqf960","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119444248"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098142","display_name":"CABI Kenya","ror":"https://ror.org/00zy1mb15","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302404375","https://openalex.org/I4210098142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152542","display_name":"Kenya Land Alliance","ror":"https://ror.org/04zdyxh40","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256476","display_name":"Mukuba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0472vpe75","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256476"]}],"countries":["KE","UG","ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mercy Kimathi Mbui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nkubu High School P.O Box 126, Nkubu, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nkubu High School P.O Box 126, Nkubu, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119444248","https://openalex.org/I4210098142","https://openalex.org/I4210152542","https://openalex.org/I4405256476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22802463,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.5497999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.5497999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.38109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.048500001430511475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mother-tongue-maintenance","display_name":"mother tongue maintenance","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-learning","display_name":"English language learning","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-proficiency","display_name":"English proficiency","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swahili-language","display_name":"Swahili language","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/official-languages","display_name":"official languages","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-management","display_name":"school management","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171041071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36870","display_name":"First language","level":2,"score":0.6840842962265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777638717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446780","display_name":"Promulgation","level":2,"score":0.5654765963554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776273917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6807178","display_name":"Medium of instruction","level":2,"score":0.5134556889533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780386941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036511","display_name":"Vernacular","level":2,"score":0.49387603998184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Native-language instruction","level":4,"score":0.4670172333717346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.45941102504730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4253203570842743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.42328038811683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987496018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1860","display_name":"English language","level":2,"score":0.41024351119995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.37063664197921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.34983378648757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33878177404403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.17740455269813538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17687144875526428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16049820184707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09476789832115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62737587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7939179","display_name":"Vocabulary development","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","pdf_url":"https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijl/article/download/3318/2793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764909608","display_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","issn_l":"1948-5425","issn":["1948-5425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v5i1.3318","pdf_url":"https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijl/article/download/3318/2793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764909608","display_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","issn_l":"1948-5425","issn":["1948-5425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994953534.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994953534.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W435365324","https://openalex.org/W1035016004","https://openalex.org/W1544482855","https://openalex.org/W2007969336","https://openalex.org/W2016672430","https://openalex.org/W2034658764","https://openalex.org/W2135259358","https://openalex.org/W2136893259","https://openalex.org/W2184728910","https://openalex.org/W2332284232","https://openalex.org/W2743416715","https://openalex.org/W2993389690","https://openalex.org/W3000710193","https://openalex.org/W4389103960","https://openalex.org/W6632693847"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7135349960","https://openalex.org/W7135300464","https://openalex.org/W2299964227","https://openalex.org/W2614709294","https://openalex.org/W7135297567","https://openalex.org/W7113292704","https://openalex.org/W3038394501","https://openalex.org/W4410465697","https://openalex.org/W2557552620","https://openalex.org/W7223124653"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,77],"Kenya,":[1],"English":[2,12,42,53,91,110,126,166,196],"is":[3,43,54,84,119,154],"a":[4,9,44,58,120],"very":[5,55],"crucial":[6],"language.":[7,197],"For":[8],"long":[10],"time":[11],"has":[13],"been":[14],"the":[15,20,24,27,35,69,88,107,123,133,146,155,158,192,195],"sole":[16],"official":[17,39],"language":[18,40,111,127,167],"in":[19,30,47,52,68,95,113,150,169,173,182,189,191],"country,":[21],"but":[22],"after":[23],"promulgation":[25],"of":[26,37,90,109,125,148,157,194],"new":[28],"constitution":[29],"2010,":[31],"Kiswahili":[32],"was":[33],"accorded":[34],"status":[36],"an":[38],"too.":[41],"compulsory":[45],"subject":[46],"secondary":[48,115,130],"school":[49,131,137,159,174],"education.":[50],"Proficiency":[51],"critical":[56],"for":[57,71],"student":[59],"who":[60],"wishes":[61],"to":[62,86,122,144,161,184],"compete":[63],"favorably":[64],"with":[65],"other":[66],"learners":[67],"country":[70],"prestigious":[72],"careers":[73],"and":[74,139,177,187],"consequently":[75],"jobs.":[76],"Imenti":[78],"South":[79],"District":[80],"day":[81,97,114,129],"schools,":[82],"little":[83],"done":[85],"enforce":[87,142],"use":[89,147,165,193],"among":[92,128],"students\u2019":[93,151],"interaction":[94],"their":[96],"today":[98],"activities.":[99],"The":[100],"study":[101,134],"established":[102],"that":[103,136,163],"mother-tongue":[104,118],"maintenance":[105],"influenced":[106],"acquisition":[108,124],"skills":[112],"schools.":[116],"Since":[117],"hindrance":[121],"students,":[132],"recommends":[135],"administration":[138,160],"teachers":[140],"should":[141,179],"rules":[143],"limit":[145],"vernacular":[149],"interaction.":[152],"It":[153],"responsibility":[156],"ensure":[162],"students":[164,190],"while":[168],"school.":[170],"Other":[171],"programs":[172],"like":[175],"debates":[176],"discussions":[178],"be":[180],"put":[181],"place":[183],"build":[185],"confidence":[186],"proficiency":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
