{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994947459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","title":"The relationship between anxiety, depression and illness perception in tberculosis patients in Pakistan","display_name":"The relationship between anxiety, depression and illness perception in tberculosis patients in Pakistan","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994947459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","mag":"1994947459","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18302758","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2288599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","pdf_url":"https://cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41760973","display_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","issn_l":"1745-0179","issn":["1745-0179"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110102039","display_name":"Mohammed Omair Husain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed O Husain","raw_affiliation_strings":["St, George's University of London, London, UK. m0301729@sgul.ac.uk","St. George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St, George's University of London, London, UK. m0301729@sgul.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006083568","display_name":"Samuel P Dearman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145758","display_name":"Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03zefc030","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145758"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam P Dearman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lancashire Care NHS Trust, Preston, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lancashire Care NHS Trust, Preston, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047579218","display_name":"Imran Bashir Chaudhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-1831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-1831","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-7515"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148250","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Learning and Living","ror":"https://ror.org/046aqw930","country_code":"PK","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148250"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran B Chaudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pakistan Institute of Learning and Living, Research and Development, Karachi, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pakistan Institute of Learning and Living, Research and Development, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108630546","display_name":"Nadeem Ahmed Rizvi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312300495","display_name":"Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00952fj37","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312300495"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadeem Rizvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312300495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022596222","display_name":"Waquas Waheed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-2263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-2263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145758","display_name":"Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03zefc030","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145758"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waquas Waheed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lancashire Care NHS Trust, Preston, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lancashire Care NHS Trust, Preston, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145758"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110102039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3297,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":137,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91597764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"4","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.044599998742341995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.01759999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illness-perception","display_name":"illness perception","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-control","display_name":"perceived control","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-outcomes","display_name":"perceived consequences","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.7767304182052612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7728441953659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778739829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027611","display_name":"Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","level":3,"score":0.7572112083435059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.6155979633331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5906102061271667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.522485077381134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3552633821964264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.33828139305114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","pdf_url":"https://cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41760973","display_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","issn_l":"1745-0179","issn":["1745-0179"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2288599","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2288599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:18302758","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18302758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","pdf_url":"https://cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1745-0179-4-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41760973","display_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","issn_l":"1745-0179","issn":["1745-0179"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994947459.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994947459.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29345345","https://openalex.org/W43216005","https://openalex.org/W1938474067","https://openalex.org/W1967813980","https://openalex.org/W1999957902","https://openalex.org/W2001524003","https://openalex.org/W2030389279","https://openalex.org/W2042916741","https://openalex.org/W2054531208","https://openalex.org/W2069995083","https://openalex.org/W2070878359","https://openalex.org/W2090218977","https://openalex.org/W2097992450","https://openalex.org/W2099135990","https://openalex.org/W2108476653","https://openalex.org/W2126967107","https://openalex.org/W2135208651","https://openalex.org/W2157737997","https://openalex.org/W2169612163","https://openalex.org/W2215947392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2311324509","https://openalex.org/W7212360641","https://openalex.org/W1906710966","https://openalex.org/W4379515788","https://openalex.org/W2119837675","https://openalex.org/W4319316518","https://openalex.org/W2565564641","https://openalex.org/W4307803588","https://openalex.org/W7165772614","https://openalex.org/W4306860840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"As":[1,211],"the":[2,11,27,46,59,82,90,120,189],"rates":[3],"of":[4,21,29,48,61,97,122,183,208,215,231],"TB":[5,39],"world":[6],"over":[7,157,218],"have":[8],"increased":[9],"during":[10],"past":[12],"10":[13],"years,":[14],"there":[15],"has":[16,44],"been":[17],"a":[18,181],"growing":[19],"awareness":[20],"depression":[22,33,49,110,193,212],"and":[23,64,85,89,104,111,154,194,213],"its":[24],"role":[25],"in":[26,36,50,53,67,73,119,185,220],"outcome":[28],"chronic":[30],"disorders.":[31],"Though":[32],"is":[34],"common":[35],"patients":[37,68,184],"with":[38,79,116,240],"no":[40],"study":[41],"as":[42],"yet":[43],"examined":[45],"prevalence":[47],"this":[51],"group":[52],"Pakistan.":[54,74],"We":[55,177],"aimed":[56],"to":[57,206,227,236],"determine":[58],"presence":[60],"depression,":[62],"anxiety":[63,112,195],"illness":[65,159,201,219],"perceptions":[66,202],"suffering":[69,222],"from":[70,223],"Tuberculosis":[71],"(TB)":[72],"METHODS:":[75],"108":[76,98],"consecutive":[77],"outpatients":[78],"tuberculosis":[80,224],"completed":[81],"Hospital":[83],"Anxiety":[84],"Depression":[86],"scale":[87],"(HADS)":[88],"Illness":[91],"Perception":[92],"Questionnaire":[93],"(IPQ).":[94],"RESULTS:":[95],"Out":[96],"patients,":[99],"50":[100],"(46.3%)":[101],"were":[102,114,203],"depressed":[103],"51":[105],"(47.2%)":[106],"had":[107],"anxiety.":[108],"Raised":[109],"scores":[113],"associated":[115],"an":[117],"increase":[118],"number":[121],"symptoms":[123],"reported":[124,226],"(HADS":[125,138,160],"Depression:":[126,139,161],"r":[127,140,148,162,170],"=":[128,131,141,144,149,152,163,166,171,174],"0.346,":[129],"p":[130,143,151,165,173],"<":[132],"0.001),":[133],"more":[134],"serious":[135],"perceived":[136,216],"consequences":[137],"0.279,":[142],"0.004,":[145],"HADS":[146,168,198],"Anxiety:":[147,169],"0.234,":[150],"0.017)":[153],"less":[155],"control":[156,217],"their":[158,238],"0.239,":[164],"0.014,":[167],"0.271,":[172],"0.005).":[175],"CONCLUSION:":[176],"found":[178],"that":[179],"about":[180],"half":[182],"our":[186],"sample":[187],"met":[188],"criteria":[190],"for":[191],"probable":[192],"based":[196],"on":[197],"score.":[199],"Negative":[200],"clearly":[204],"related":[205],"reports":[207],"mood":[209],"symptoms.":[210],"lack":[214],"those":[221],"are":[225,243],"be":[228],"independent":[229],"predictors":[230],"poor":[232],"adherence":[233,242],"further":[234],"studies":[235],"investigate":[237],"relationship":[239],"medication":[241],"required.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}