{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994833429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","title":"Learning-based approach for the automatic detection of the optic disc in digital retinal fundus photographs","display_name":"Learning-based approach for the automatic detection of the optic disc in digital retinal fundus photographs","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994833429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","mag":"1994833429","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21096259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608786","display_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":"2375-7477","issn":["2375-7477"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015497605","display_name":"Damon Wing Kee Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-9121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-9121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D W K Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore. wkwong@i2r.a-star.edu.sg","Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore. wkwong@i2r.a-star.edu.sg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325209","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110959029","display_name":"Nigel Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N M Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"F Yin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075839884","display_name":"B.H. Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B H Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A-star, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072258594","display_name":"Tien Yin Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-1264","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-1264"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Y Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore","Singapore Eye Research Institute and the National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Eye Research Institute and the National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81011325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2010","issue":null,"first_page":"5355","last_page":"5358"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-disc-detection","display_name":"optic disc detection","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus-images","display_name":"fundus images","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-disc-cup","display_name":"optic disc cup","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-classification","display_name":"supervised classification","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interobserver-variability","display_name":"interobserver variability","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7975532412528992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7059736847877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6919886469841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779735895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16873995","display_name":"Optic disc","level":3,"score":0.6582094430923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5840839743614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.5752245187759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5689542889595032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5383255481719971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5078263878822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4862178862094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40275636315345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.07867404818534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005654","descriptor_name":"Fundus Oculi","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009898","descriptor_name":"Optic Disk","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010781","descriptor_name":"Photography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608786","display_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":"2375-7477","issn":["2375-7477"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:21096259","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21096259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/109757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/109757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559836002","https://openalex.org/W1975564093","https://openalex.org/W1979176126","https://openalex.org/W1982306997","https://openalex.org/W2034659498","https://openalex.org/W2056871061","https://openalex.org/W2086106167","https://openalex.org/W2095990136","https://openalex.org/W2122644916","https://openalex.org/W2159395868","https://openalex.org/W2169164902","https://openalex.org/W3120421331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3156546045","https://openalex.org/W2253204429","https://openalex.org/W2018658051","https://openalex.org/W2110786147","https://openalex.org/W4313020680","https://openalex.org/W2120801320","https://openalex.org/W7096173993","https://openalex.org/W2333799586","https://openalex.org/W2217118232","https://openalex.org/W2019787994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,27,66,81],"optic":[1,19],"disc":[2,20],"is":[3,52,69],"an":[4,94,110],"important":[5],"feature":[6],"in":[7],"the":[8,15,18,37,62,89,105,116],"retina.":[9,65],"We":[10],"propose":[11],"a":[12,23,40,72,84],"method":[13,28,68],"for":[14],"detection":[16],"of":[17,39,76,97,115],"based":[21,49,108],"on":[22,71,109],"supervised":[24],"learning":[25],"scheme.":[26],"employs":[29],"pixel":[30],"and":[31,64,99],"local":[32],"neighbourhood":[33],"features":[34],"extracted":[35],"from":[36],"ROI":[38],"digital":[41],"retinal":[42,78],"fundus":[43,79],"photograph.":[44],"A":[45],"support":[46],"vector":[47],"machine":[48],"classification":[50],"mechanism":[51],"used":[53],"to":[54,61,101,104],"classify":[55],"each":[56],"image":[57,74],"point":[58],"as":[59],"belonging":[60],"cup":[63],"proposed":[67],"evaluated":[70],"sample":[73],"set":[75],"68":[77],"images.":[80],"results":[82],"show":[83],"high":[85],"correlation":[86],"(r>0.9)":[87],"with":[88,93],"ground":[90],"truth":[91],"segmentation,":[92],"overlap":[95],"error":[96],"6.02%,":[98],"found":[100],"be":[102],"comparable":[103],"inter-observer":[106],"variability":[107],"independent":[111],"second":[112],"observer":[113],"segmentation":[114],"same":[117],"data":[118],"set.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}