{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994805448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","title":"STRATEGIC GROUPS AND RIVALROUS FIRM BEHAVIOR: TOWARDS A RECONCILIATION","display_name":"STRATEGIC GROUPS AND RIVALROUS FIRM BEHAVIOR: TOWARDS A RECONCILIATION","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994805448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","mag":"1994805448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102949365","display_name":"Strategic Management Journal","issn_l":"0143-2095","issn":["0143-2095","1097-0266"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Strategic Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112415387","display_name":"Ken G. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"KEN G. SMITH","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010362569","display_name":"Curtis M. Grimm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4317-3086","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4317-3086"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CURTIS M. GRIMM","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049042020","display_name":"Greg Young","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GREG YOUNG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020774283","display_name":"Stefan Wally","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"STEFAN WALLY","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112415387"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":4250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.8767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":157,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97802142,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"149","last_page":"157"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.3903999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.3903999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.3634999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.060600001364946365,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-groups","display_name":"strategic groups","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-rivalry","display_name":"corporate rivalry","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-behavior","display_name":"competitive behavior","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-cuts","display_name":"price cuts","score":0.5400000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901966","display_name":"Rivalry","level":2,"score":0.9794570207595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.6944311857223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.5803961753845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152563557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621861","display_name":"Strategic thinking","level":3,"score":0.47358113527297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.4645182192325592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.46445488929748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145351099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621827","display_name":"Strategic complements","level":2,"score":0.4531753659248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90287048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197952","display_name":"Corporate group","level":3,"score":0.439824640750885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184214880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621842","display_name":"Strategic leadership","level":3,"score":0.43309804797172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.42910975217819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4183255732059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4112307131290436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3482673168182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.26240968704223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.25357896089553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.06557130813598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<149::aid-smj854>3.0.co;2-o","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102949365","display_name":"Strategic Management Journal","issn_l":"0143-2095","issn":["0143-2095","1097-0266"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Strategic Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904655690","https://openalex.org/W2588921785","https://openalex.org/W2083871406","https://openalex.org/W2140273479","https://openalex.org/W3122581883","https://openalex.org/W2050029096","https://openalex.org/W2282320383","https://openalex.org/W2090390091","https://openalex.org/W13330901","https://openalex.org/W2565685751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1,60],"examines":[2],"the":[3,26,48,59,81,91],"question":[4],"of":[5,23,29,80],"whether":[6],"rivalry":[7],"is":[8,77],"greater":[9],"between":[10],"or":[11,52,90],"within":[12],"strategic":[13,33,50,57,69,74],"groups":[14,34],"by":[15,68,83,108],"utilizing":[16],"more":[17,41],"direct,":[18],"dynamic":[19],"and":[20,103],"fine-grained":[21],"measures":[22],"rivalry.":[24],"Examining":[25],"competitive":[27,38,63,97],"actions":[28],"firms":[30,46,54,85],"in":[31,47,55],"different":[32,56],"to":[35,43],"determine":[36],"if":[37],"responses":[39,64],"were":[40],"likely":[42],"occur":[44],"from":[45,53],"same":[49],"group,":[51],"groups,":[58],"found":[61],"that":[62],"cannot":[65],"be":[66],"predicted":[67],"group":[70,75],"membership.":[71],"Importantly,":[72],"however,":[73],"membership":[76],"a":[78],"predictor":[79],"manner":[82],"which":[84,94],"compete":[86],"with":[87,93],"one":[88],"another,":[89],"frequency":[92],"they":[95],"undertake":[96],"actions,":[98],"cut":[99],"prices,":[100],"instigate":[101],"warfare":[102],"imitate":[104],"rivals.":[105],"\u00a9":[106],"1997":[107],"John":[109],"Wiley":[110],"&":[111],"Sons,":[112],"Ltd.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
