{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994404397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","title":"Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity and density in the southern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea","display_name":"Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity and density in the southern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994404397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","mag":"1994404397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1134/s0001437012030034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59498126","display_name":"Oceanology","issn_l":"0001-4370","issn":["0001-4370","1531-8508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oceanology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043590034","display_name":"Siamak Jamshidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0755-5493","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0755-5493"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1516879","display_name":"Tarbiat Modares University","ror":"https://ror.org/03mwgfy56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1516879"]}],"countries":["IR","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Jamshidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geophysics, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","Department of Marine Physics, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran","Tarbiat Modares University","Universiti Sains Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geophysics, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marine Physics, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1516879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tarbiat Modares University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1516879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028771656","display_name":"N. B. Abu Bakar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. B. Abu Bakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geophysics, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","Universiti Sains, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geophysics, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Sains, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043590034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472","https://openalex.org/I1516879"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1835,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7602301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"3","first_page":"380","last_page":"396"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14047","display_name":"Marine and environmental studies","score":0.03420000150799751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawater-temperature","display_name":"seawater temperature","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity","display_name":"salinity","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawater-density","display_name":"seawater density","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermocline","display_name":"thermocline","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pycnocline","display_name":"pycnocline","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-layer-depth","display_name":"mixed layer depth","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-waters","display_name":"coastal waters","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-caspian-sea","display_name":"southern Caspian Sea","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-temperature-structure","display_name":"vertical temperature structure","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105824904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849599","display_name":"Thermocline","level":2,"score":0.9541860818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128963330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478740","display_name":"Pycnocline","level":2,"score":0.9321362972259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.7711939215660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.727464497089386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197248824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395","display_name":"Seawater","level":2,"score":0.6968613862991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23715911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698340","display_name":"Temperature salinity diagrams","level":3,"score":0.681212306022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122120755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043905","display_name":"Mixed layer","level":2,"score":0.6166098713874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125403950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111082","display_name":"Seasonality","level":2,"score":0.5488418340682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.5025424957275391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4813133478164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4065089821815491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3380372226238251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.05696609616279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.05011439323425293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1134/s0001437012030034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437012030034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59498126","display_name":"Oceanology","issn_l":"0001-4370","issn":["0001-4370","1531-8508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oceanology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8184000253677368,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"score":0.5769000053405762,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W572434730","https://openalex.org/W653226907","https://openalex.org/W1031920984","https://openalex.org/W1635779780","https://openalex.org/W1937762515","https://openalex.org/W1963581829","https://openalex.org/W1976540577","https://openalex.org/W2027486539","https://openalex.org/W2029211337","https://openalex.org/W2085951436","https://openalex.org/W2095361963","https://openalex.org/W2111165148","https://openalex.org/W2127917562","https://openalex.org/W2129310938","https://openalex.org/W2148146206","https://openalex.org/W2160122786","https://openalex.org/W2189153388","https://openalex.org/W2340407021","https://openalex.org/W2808167779","https://openalex.org/W4206402080","https://openalex.org/W4230950520","https://openalex.org/W4233095746","https://openalex.org/W4235074889","https://openalex.org/W4248923435","https://openalex.org/W4298371040","https://openalex.org/W4393333848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7112207025","https://openalex.org/W2748259234","https://openalex.org/W4393333848","https://openalex.org/W7006801249","https://openalex.org/W2286402014","https://openalex.org/W2189153388","https://openalex.org/W2186688863","https://openalex.org/W4400644454","https://openalex.org/W2029211337","https://openalex.org/W7101175202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Variability":[0],"in":[1,16,21,53,76,80,118,144],"water":[2],"temperature,":[3],"salinity":[4,115],"and":[5,95,99,109,128,136],"density":[6,137],"was":[7,142],"investigated":[8],"based":[9],"on":[10],"field":[11],"measurements":[12],"near":[13],"Anzali":[14],"Port,":[15],"the":[17,32,44,51,54,59,85,89,93,102,114,147],"Southern":[18],"Caspian":[19,60],"Sea":[20,61],"2008.":[22],"Seasonal":[23,111,140],"changes":[24,133],"of":[25,43,50,58,84,92,101,107,113,121,126,134,138,146],"seawater":[26],"properties":[27],"were":[28,46,116],"mainly":[29],"observed":[30,143],"through":[31],"upper":[33],"100":[34],"m":[35,71],"layer,":[36],"while":[37],"below":[38],"this":[39],"layer":[40,104],"seasonal":[41,67],"variations":[42],"parameters":[45],"minor.":[47],"Vertical":[48],"structure":[49,125],"temperature":[52,77,135],"southern":[55],"coastal":[56],"waters":[57],"is":[62],"characterized":[63],"by":[64],"a":[65,119],"significant":[66],"thermocline":[68,86,127,148],"between":[69,132],"20\u201350":[70],"depths":[72],"with":[73,88],"vertical":[74],"variation":[75],"about":[78],"16\u00b0C":[79],"midsummer":[81],"(August).":[82],"Decrease":[83],"occurs":[87],"general":[90],"cooling":[91],"air":[94],"sea":[96],"surface":[97],"water,":[98],"deepening":[100],"mixed":[103],"during":[105],"late":[106],"autumn":[108],"winter.":[110],"averages":[112],"estimated":[117],"range":[120],"12.27\u201312.37":[122],"PSU.":[123],"The":[124],"pycnocline":[129,141],"indicated":[130],"agreement":[131],"seawater.":[139],"position":[145],"layer.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}