{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994308287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","title":"Comparative Effects of Intravesical versus Extravesical Administration of ZD6169 and Cromakalim on the Response of the in vitro Rat Whole Bladder to Field Stimulation","display_name":"Comparative Effects of Intravesical versus Extravesical Administration of ZD6169 and Cromakalim on the Response of the in vitro Rat Whole Bladder to Field Stimulation","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994308287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","mag":"1994308287","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8844784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000139401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106137443","display_name":"Pharmacology","issn_l":"0031-7012","issn":["0031-7012","1423-0313"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039836822","display_name":"Alexa L. Chun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexa Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052796021","display_name":"Darci L. Bertelsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darci L. Bertelsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jack Murphy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010709874","display_name":"Sen T. Kau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Kau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042687042","display_name":"Robert M. Levin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-6870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-6870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Levin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of General Pharmacology, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals Group, Wilmington, Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14757184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"347","last_page":"352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10279","display_name":"Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10279","display_name":"Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10493","display_name":"Ion channel regulation and function","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cromakalim","display_name":"cromakalim","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-channel-openers","display_name":"potassium channel openers","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravesical-administration","display_name":"intravesical administration","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bladder-smooth-muscle-contraction","display_name":"bladder smooth muscle contraction","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-field-stimulation","display_name":"electrical field stimulation","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperreflexia","display_name":"hyperreflexia","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlet-obstruction","display_name":"outlet obstruction","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-frequency-stimulation","display_name":"low-frequency stimulation","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-frequency-stimulation","display_name":"high-frequency stimulation","score":0.8500000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780561956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3698301","display_name":"Cromakalim","level":4,"score":0.9364555478096008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.6779484748840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780616540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568055","display_name":"Detrusor muscle","level":3,"score":0.6278154850006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777194220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1722307","display_name":"Potassium channel opener","level":3,"score":0.5978087782859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83743174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423778","display_name":"Potassium channel","level":2,"score":0.5765359401702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5114268660545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.49105048179626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131453863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641079","display_name":"Hyperpolarization (physics)","level":3,"score":0.4629645347595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777364249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429154","display_name":"Hyperreflexia","level":2,"score":0.4612734317779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38695958256721497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3779793977737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3404083251953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3208564519882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779762690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9382","display_name":"Urinary bladder","level":2,"score":0.31520259380340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778938600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389934","display_name":"Agonist","level":3,"score":0.16946786642074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.06670844554901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66974803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10359898","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000577","descriptor_name":"Amides","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001577","descriptor_name":"Benzophenones","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001578","descriptor_name":"Benzopyrans","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001743","descriptor_name":"Urinary Bladder","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009130","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Smooth","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009130","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Smooth","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011758","descriptor_name":"Pyrroles","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015221","descriptor_name":"Potassium Channels","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015221","descriptor_name":"Potassium Channels","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019806","descriptor_name":"Cromakalim","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000139401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000139401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106137443","display_name":"Pharmacology","issn_l":"0031-7012","issn":["0031-7012","1423-0313"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8844784","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8844784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8521999716758728}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5634912814","display_name":"AUTONOMIC CONTROL OF LOWER URINARY TRACT FUNCTION","funder_award_id":"R01DK026508","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058822324","https://openalex.org/W2060759481","https://openalex.org/W2089506717","https://openalex.org/W1926305005","https://openalex.org/W2404611920","https://openalex.org/W2256965603","https://openalex.org/W2002491158","https://openalex.org/W2900731413","https://openalex.org/W2285257468","https://openalex.org/W1997062873"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Potassium":[0,45],"channel":[1,46,90,137],"openers":[2,91,138],"are":[3],"currently":[4],"being":[5],"evaluated":[6],"for":[7,139],"their":[8],"inhibitory":[9],"effect":[10],"on":[11],"hyperreflexia.":[12],"Increasing":[13],"potassium":[14,89,136],"permeability":[15],"results":[16,146],"in":[17,28,38,54,63,115],"a":[18,26,79,175],"hyperpolarization":[19],"of":[20,41,57,75,81,88,129,134,142,153,161,186,229],"the":[21,33,39,55,72,125,140,150,162,193,219],"smooth":[22],"muscle":[23],"membrane":[24,34],"and":[25,35,65,127,155,225],"reduction":[27,40,56],"calcium":[29],"entry.":[30],"This":[31],"stabilizes":[32],"should":[36],"result":[37],"spontaneous":[42],"contractile":[43,73,163],"activity.":[44],"agonists":[47],"have":[48,67,92],"been":[49,68,93],"shown":[50,69,94],"to":[51,60,70,78,95,110,165,174,195,202],"be":[52,96,111],"effective":[53,97,159,190,210],"hyperreflexia":[58,99],"secondary":[59],"outlet":[61],"obstruction":[62],"rats,":[64],"certainly":[66],"reduce":[71],"response":[74,164,194],"isolated":[76],"tissues":[77],"number":[80],"different":[82],"agonists.":[83],"In":[84],"addition,":[85],"intravesical":[86,103,130,184,206,227],"administration":[87,133,152,185,207,213,228],"against":[98],"(in":[100],"rabbits)":[101],"using":[102],"administration,":[104,204],"although":[105],"relatively":[106],"high":[107,180,215],"concentrations":[108],"had":[109],"employed.":[112],"Using":[113],"an":[114],"vitro":[116],"whole":[117],"bladder":[118],"model":[119],"(rat),":[120],"our":[121],"current":[122],"study":[123],"compares":[124],"potency":[126],"efficacy":[128],"versus":[131],"extravesical":[132,203,212],"two":[135],"inhibition":[141,220],"field-stimulated":[143],"contraction.":[144],"The":[145],"demonstrate":[147],"that":[148],"(1)":[149],"extracellular":[151],"ZD6169":[154,187],"cromakalim":[156,230],"were":[157],"equally":[158,189],"inhibitors":[160],"field":[166,198,234],"stimulation,":[167,182],"(2)":[168],"low":[169,196],"frequency":[170,181,197,216],"stimulation":[171,199,217],"was":[172,188,208,221],"inhibited":[173],"significantly":[176],"greater":[177],"degree":[178],"than":[179,211],"(3)":[183],"at":[191,214],"inhibiting":[192],"when":[200],"compared":[201],"(4)":[205],"less":[209],"(although":[218],"still":[222],"statistically":[223],"significant),":[224],"(5)":[226],"did":[231],"not":[232],"inhibit":[233],"stimulation.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}