{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994020101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","title":"DETERMINATION OF EXPLOSIVE BLAST LOADING EQUIVALENCIES WITH AN EXPLOSIVELY DRIVEN SHOCK TUBE","display_name":"DETERMINATION OF EXPLOSIVE BLAST LOADING EQUIVALENCIES WITH AN EXPLOSIVELY DRIVEN SHOCK TUBE","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994020101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","mag":"1994020101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.3295134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/990786","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036125907","display_name":"Scott I. Jackson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-3468","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-3468"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott I. Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061410124","display_name":"John S. Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John S. Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090759562","display_name":"Larry Glenn Hill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-8106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-8106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry G. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shock and Detonation Physics, DE\u20109, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055868903","display_name":"Mark L. Elert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Elert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064541407","display_name":"Michael D. Furnish","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Furnish","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053654551","display_name":"William W. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-712X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-712X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-9881"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William W. Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111679118","display_name":"William Graham Proud","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William G. Proud","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113712383","display_name":"William T. Butler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3366-587X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3366-587X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William T. Butler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1849,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81196995,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"323","last_page":"326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11874","display_name":"Structural Response to Dynamic Loads","score":0.826200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11874","display_name":"Structural Response to Dynamic Loads","score":0.826200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10806","display_name":"Energetic Materials and Combustion","score":0.06509999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.05990000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blast-loading","display_name":"blast loading","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energetic-materials","display_name":"energetic materials","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blast-overpressure","display_name":"blast overpressure","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c4","display_name":"C4","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anfo","display_name":"ANFO","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blast-induced-damage","display_name":"blast damage","score":0.46299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154238967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12870","display_name":"Explosive material","level":2,"score":0.9233651161193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29452850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3823104","display_name":"Overpressure","level":2,"score":0.8864342570304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203224028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201510","display_name":"Blast wave","level":3,"score":0.7981510162353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122881758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2352496","display_name":"Shock tube","level":3,"score":0.7653149366378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70477161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190688","display_name":"Shock wave","level":2,"score":0.6111084222793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5276644825935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2093072","display_name":"Tube (container)","level":2,"score":0.5096251964569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203397868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786054","display_name":"Detonation","level":3,"score":0.46339255571365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201988250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284813","display_name":"Shaped charge","level":3,"score":0.4586673974990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4543832540512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.45197367668151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.44154295325279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.4389479458332062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2498365342617035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16773098707199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.15021350979804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.11425498127937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10588851571083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10416603088378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07464581727981567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.3295134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:990786","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/990786","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/990786","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.706.2757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.706.2757","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://public.lanl.gov/sjackson/papers/2009-Jackson-APS-shock_tube.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:990786","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/990786","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/990786","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6299999952316284}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3700687868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC52-06NA25396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5657628048","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC52-06NA25396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306110","display_name":"U.S. Department of Homeland Security","ror":"https://ror.org/00jyr0d86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994020101.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994020101.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3023930659"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W850442791","https://openalex.org/W1547194935","https://openalex.org/W3119046543","https://openalex.org/W3097563816","https://openalex.org/W2024489520","https://openalex.org/W2031017925","https://openalex.org/W4296384221","https://openalex.org/W2535193918","https://openalex.org/W2071621883","https://openalex.org/W2047407201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"significant":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6],"evaluating":[7],"the":[8,28,50,55,73,85,89,95,99,102,109,113],"potential":[9],"of":[10,38,54,101,119],"many":[11],"different":[12,33],"non\u2010ideal":[13],"energetic":[14,34],"materials":[15,35],"to":[16,25,76,107,140],"cause":[17],"blast":[18,29,80,90,104,114],"damage.":[19],"We":[20],"present":[21],"a":[22,60,78],"method":[23],"intended":[24],"quantitatively":[26],"compare":[27],"loading":[30],"generated":[31],"by":[32,72],"through":[36],"use":[37,100],"an":[39],"explosively":[40],"driven":[41],"shock":[42,65],"tube.":[43],"The":[44,63],"test":[45,120],"explosive":[46],"is":[47],"placed":[48],"at":[49],"closed":[51],"breech":[52],"end":[53],"tube":[56,74,86],"and":[57,70,97,129,145],"initiated":[58],"with":[59,142],"booster":[61],"charge.":[62],"resulting":[64],"waves":[66],"are":[67],"then":[68],"contained":[69],"focused":[71],"walls":[75],"form":[77],"quasi\u2010one\u2010dimensional":[79],"wave.":[81],"Pressure":[82],"transducers":[83],"along":[84],"wall":[87],"measure":[88],"overpressure":[91],"versus":[92],"distance":[93],"from":[94,135],"source":[96],"allow":[98],"one\u2010dimensional":[103],"scaling":[105],"relationship":[106],"determine":[108],"energy":[110],"deposited":[111],"into":[112],"wave":[115],"per":[116],"unit":[117],"mass":[118],"explosive.":[121],"These":[122],"values":[123,137],"were":[124,138],"measured":[125],"for":[126],"C4,":[127],"ANFO,":[128],"two":[130],"perchlorate":[131],"explosives.":[132],"Explosive":[133],"equivalencies":[134],"these":[136],"found":[139],"agree":[141],"prior":[143],"theory":[144],"experiment.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}