{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993965545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","title":"Dislocation creation and void nucleation in FCC ductile metals under tensile loading: A general microscopic picture","display_name":"Dislocation creation and void nucleation in FCC ductile metals under tensile loading: A general microscopic picture","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993965545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","mag":"1993965545","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25382029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep06981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06981.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040214653","display_name":"Weiwei Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-3151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-3151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139958","display_name":"Beijing Computational Science Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04tavf782","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139958"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145278","display_name":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxpbt26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Wei Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China [2] Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China [2] Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139958","https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405781","display_name":"Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1716-0225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1716-0225","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-3943","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2907-9288","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139958","display_name":"Beijing Computational Science Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04tavf782","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139958"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145278","display_name":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxpbt26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China [2] Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China [2] Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139958","https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108683570","display_name":"Guangcai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-657X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-657X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145278","display_name":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxpbt26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159876","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvf7v30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang-Cai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024958098","display_name":"Aiguo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-5973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-5973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145278","display_name":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxpbt26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159876","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvf7v30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai-Guo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110332885","display_name":"Xian-Geng Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145278","display_name":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/03sxpbt26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159876","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvf7v30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian-Geng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145278","https://openalex.org/I4210159876"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":1.1932,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76709674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"6981","last_page":"6981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.5273000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.5273000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10204","display_name":"Microstructure and mechanical properties","score":0.4465000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11143","display_name":"High Entropy Alloys Studies","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dislocation-nucleation","display_name":"dislocation nucleation","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-nucleation","display_name":"void nucleation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-centered-cubic-metals","display_name":"face-centered cubic metals","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ductile-metals","display_name":"ductile metals","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-fracture","display_name":"dynamic fracture","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stacking-faults","display_name":"stacking faults","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shockley-partial-dislocations","display_name":"Shockley partial dislocations","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-stacking-fault-energy","display_name":"low stacking fault energy","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-fluctuations","display_name":"thermal fluctuations","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/close-packed-planes","display_name":"close-packed planes","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61048295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909022","display_name":"Nucleation","level":2,"score":0.8828492164611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7438280582427979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779772531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19689164","display_name":"Void (composites)","level":2,"score":0.7306134104728699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33347731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285210","display_name":"Stacking","level":2,"score":0.6553745269775391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159122135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737571","display_name":"Dislocation","level":2,"score":0.6487224102020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778536302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19630360","display_name":"Stacking fault","level":3,"score":0.5859348177909851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.5394538044929504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41234517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17104988","display_name":"Partial dislocations","level":3,"score":0.530860960483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.42689502239227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.42350831627845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.3493604063987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.26973289251327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.12484589219093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.11567115783691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09056943655014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep06981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25382029","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25382029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3201956","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4225538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4225538","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4225538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep06981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06981","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1993965545.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1993965545.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23542647","https://openalex.org/W1963989017","https://openalex.org/W1993023517","https://openalex.org/W1998250010","https://openalex.org/W2001149672","https://openalex.org/W2019465613","https://openalex.org/W2025265212","https://openalex.org/W2033086537","https://openalex.org/W2035818421","https://openalex.org/W2040623886","https://openalex.org/W2049056113","https://openalex.org/W2061345457","https://openalex.org/W2082745402","https://openalex.org/W2095358557","https://openalex.org/W2098104605","https://openalex.org/W2127329913","https://openalex.org/W2145010471","https://openalex.org/W2147444432","https://openalex.org/W2496833044","https://openalex.org/W4211261603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546677683","https://openalex.org/W2064585657","https://openalex.org/W2056581517","https://openalex.org/W2039557209","https://openalex.org/W2106300017","https://openalex.org/W2083733665","https://openalex.org/W4296927347","https://openalex.org/W1582544252","https://openalex.org/W2050180992","https://openalex.org/W2995883598"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Numerous":[0],"theoretical":[1],"and":[2,10,14,80,139,173],"experimental":[3],"efforts":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"paid":[7],"to":[8,157],"describe":[9],"understand":[11],"the":[12,35,46,50,55,62,75,98,130,140,147,152,168],"dislocation":[13,41,78,171],"void":[15,51,63,81,153,174],"nucleation":[16,52,64,82,154,175],"processes":[17,89],"that":[18,97,164],"are":[19,100,111,122,137,144,176],"fundamental":[20],"for":[21,49,178],"dynamic":[22],"fracture":[23],"modeling":[24],"of":[25,77,127,170,181],"strained":[26],"metals.":[27,94],"To":[28],"date":[29],"an":[30],"essential":[31,47],"physical":[32],"picture":[33],"on":[34,129,167],"self-organized":[36,125],"atomic":[37],"collective":[38],"motions":[39],"during":[40,83],"creation,":[42],"as":[43,45],"well":[44],"mechanisms":[48],"obscured":[53],"by":[54,114,124],"extreme":[56],"diversity":[57],"in":[58,70,90],"structural":[59],"configurations":[60],"around":[61],"core,":[65],"is":[66,155],"still":[67],"severely":[68],"lacking":[69],"literature.":[71],"Here,":[72],"we":[73],"depict":[74],"origin":[76,169],"creation":[79,172],"uniaxial":[84],"high":[85],"strain":[86],"rate":[87],"tensile":[88],"face-centered-cubic":[91],"(FCC)":[92],"ductile":[93,183],"We":[95,162],"find":[96],"dislocations":[99,143],"created":[101,145],"through":[102],"three":[103],"distinguished":[104],"stages:":[105],"(i)":[106],"Flattened":[107],"octahedral":[108],"structures":[109],"(FOSs)":[110],"randomly":[112],"activated":[113],"thermal":[115],"fluctuations;":[116],"(ii)":[117],"The":[118,134],"double-layer":[119,148],"defect":[120,149],"clusters":[121],"formed":[123,138],"stacking":[126,135,187],"FOSs":[128],"close-packed":[131],"plane;":[132],"(iii)":[133],"faults":[136],"Shockley":[141],"partial":[142],"from":[146],"clusters.":[150],"Whereas,":[151],"shown":[156],"follow":[158],"a":[159,179],"two-stage":[160],"description.":[161],"demonstrate":[163],"our":[165],"findings":[166],"universal":[177],"variety":[180],"FCC":[182],"metals":[184],"with":[185],"low":[186],"fault":[188],"energies.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}