{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993921369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","title":"A\u03b2 immunization: Moving A\u03b2 peptide from brain to blood","display_name":"A\u03b2 immunization: Moving A\u03b2 peptide from brain to blood","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993921369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","mag":"1993921369","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11481462","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.171311798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC55349","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065852445","display_name":"Virginia M.\u2010Y. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-6902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-6902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Virginia M.-Y. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104","Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065852445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2644,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76041348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"16","first_page":"8931","last_page":"8932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-beta-immunization","display_name":"amyloid-beta immunization","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-beta","display_name":"amyloid-beta","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-immunotherapy","display_name":"passive immunotherapy","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-beta-clearance","display_name":"amyloid-beta clearance","score":0.4970000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415366","display_name":"Immunization","level":3,"score":0.6354712247848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.47091934084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3807328939437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.37196415662765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3287057876586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2518676221370697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2364327311515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.15362539887428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.1487124264240265}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001812","descriptor_name":"Blood-Brain Barrier","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008822","descriptor_name":"Mice, Transgenic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016229","descriptor_name":"Amyloid beta-Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.171311798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.171311798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:182642","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC55349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:55349","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:11481462","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11481462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Comment"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:182642","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC55349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480987708","https://openalex.org/W1494074009","https://openalex.org/W1567490604","https://openalex.org/W1621971853","https://openalex.org/W1693283493","https://openalex.org/W1929267935","https://openalex.org/W1965050626","https://openalex.org/W1965275873","https://openalex.org/W1967549235","https://openalex.org/W1967838681","https://openalex.org/W1997822484","https://openalex.org/W2004117222","https://openalex.org/W2065410730","https://openalex.org/W2090710011","https://openalex.org/W2101077392","https://openalex.org/W2119279113","https://openalex.org/W2133019124","https://openalex.org/W2148417883"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147014389","https://openalex.org/W20260927","https://openalex.org/W2981138000","https://openalex.org/W2002417737","https://openalex.org/W1969002808","https://openalex.org/W1974400147","https://openalex.org/W2726584158","https://openalex.org/W2116031926","https://openalex.org/W2036001624","https://openalex.org/W2049703162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"many":[1],"years":[2],"of":[3,11,23,59,74,78,104,115,134,152,166,181,187,264,282,303,323,397,408,416],"intense":[4],"research":[5,167],"on":[6,126,206,316],"the":[7,15,20,45,57,98,102,123,149,179,185,237,261,267,280,285,291,301,310,333,337,347,372,376,394,420,424],"etiology":[8],"and":[9,64,101,136,249,273,341,402,422],"pathogenesis":[10],"Alzheimer's":[12],"disease":[13],"(AD),":[14],"amyloid":[16,60,182,230],"\u03b2":[17],"(A\u03b2)":[18],"peptide,":[19],"major":[21],"component":[22],"senile":[24,67],"plaques,":[25,63],"has":[26,81,107,158],"become":[27],"a":[28,75,85,111,162,195,228,252,295,406],"realistic":[29],"target":[30],"for":[31,35,84,113,145],"developing":[32],"effective":[33],"therapies":[34],"AD.":[36,146],"A":[37],"recent":[38,196,350],"study":[39],"showing":[40],"that":[41,69,190,226,288,319,354,375,405],"simple":[42],"immunization":[43],"with":[44],"more":[46],"amyloidogenic":[47],"42-aa-long":[48],"A\u03b2":[49,54,153,258,265,275,297,304,330,344,357,387,398,410,418],"peptide":[50],"(A\u03b242)":[51],"can":[52,176,360,385,411],"reduce":[53],"levels,":[55],"inhibit":[56],"deposition":[58],"onto":[61],"existing":[62],"clear":[65],"established":[66],"plaques":[68],"are":[70],"present":[71],"in":[72,110,184,234,256,266,279,290,309,346],"brain":[73,306,339,390,417],"mouse":[76],"model":[77],"AD":[79,93,99,192],"amyloidosis":[80],"raised":[82],"hopes":[83],"potentially":[86],"important":[87],"new":[88,164],"therapeutic":[89],"approach":[90,139,175],"to":[91,168,178,247,299,307,317,325,343,369,379,413,419],"treat":[92],"(1).":[94],"This":[95],"observation":[96],"surprised":[97],"community,":[100],"significance":[103],"this":[105,138,207],"finding":[106],"already":[108,159],"resulted":[109],"request":[112],"applications":[114],"grants":[116],"initiated":[117],"by":[118,219,392],"former":[119],"President":[120],"Clinton":[121],"from":[122,305,364,389],"National":[124],"Institute":[125],"Aging":[127],"targeted":[128],"specifically":[129],"at":[130,242],"providing":[131],"an":[132,174,214,414],"understanding":[133],"how":[135],"why":[137,172,381],"may":[140],"work":[141],"as":[142,294],"potential":[143],"therapy":[144],"Thus,":[147],"although":[148],"underlying":[150],"mechanism(s)":[151],"immunotherapy":[154],"remain":[155],"unclear,":[156],"it":[157],"opened":[160],"up":[161],"whole":[163],"area":[165],"gain":[169],"insight":[170],"into":[171,222,423],"such":[173,404],"lead":[177,412],"elimination":[180],"deposits":[183,345,388],"brains":[186,281],"transgenic":[188,223],"mice":[189,224,327],"develop":[191],"amyloidosis.":[193],"In":[194],"PNAS":[197],"issue,":[198],"DeMattos":[199],"et":[200],"al.":[201],"(2)":[202],"provide":[203],"mechanistic":[204],"insights":[205],"remarkable":[208],"effect.":[209],"These":[210],"authors":[211,286,373],"peripherally":[212,382],"administered":[213,383],"anti-A\u03b2":[215],"monoclonal":[216],"antibody":[217,334],"m266":[218,289,324,384],"i.v.":[220],"injection":[221],"(PDAPP)":[225],"overexpressed":[227],"mutant":[229],"precursor":[231],"protein":[232],"(APP)":[233],"which":[235],"valine,":[236],"normal":[238],"amino":[239],"acid":[240],"residue":[241],"position":[243],"717,":[244],"is":[245,276,391],"mutated":[246],"phenylalanine,":[248],"they":[250],"showed":[251],"dramatic":[253],"1,000-fold":[254],"increase":[255],"plasma":[257,262,292,308,370,403,409],"level.":[259],"Because":[260,349],"levels":[263],"untreated":[268],"animals":[269],"were":[270],"very":[271],"low":[272],"because":[274],"produced":[277],"only":[278],"these":[283],"mice,":[284],"proposed":[287],"acts":[293],"\u201cperipheral":[296],"sink\u201d":[298],"facilitate":[300],"efflux":[302,415],"PDAPP":[311,326],"mice.":[312],"They":[313],"then":[314],"went":[315],"show":[318],"long-term":[320],"peripheral":[321],"administration":[322],"markedly":[328],"reduces":[329],"burden":[331],"without":[332],"actually":[335],"crossing":[336],"blood":[338],"barrier":[340],"binding":[342],"brain.":[348],"studies":[351],"have":[352],"shown":[353],"exogenous":[355],"40-aa-long":[356],"peptides":[358],"(A\u03b240)":[359],"be":[361],"transported":[362],"rapidly":[363],"cerebral":[365],"spinal":[366],"fluid":[367],"(CSF)":[368],"(3\u20135),":[371],"conclude":[374],"likely":[377],"mechanism":[378],"explain":[380],"remove":[386],"altering":[393],"dynamic":[395],"equilibrium":[396],"between":[399],"brain,":[400],"CSF,":[401],"reduction":[407],"CSF":[421],"circulation.":[425]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
