{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993781751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","title":"Activity Patterns of Interneurons in the Caudal Ganglion of the Crayfish","display_name":"Activity Patterns of Interneurons in the Caudal Ganglion of the Crayfish","publication_year":1960,"publication_date":"1960-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993781751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","mag":"1993781751","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14408509","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2195012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","pdf_url":"https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/43/3/655/1804282/655.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168548653","display_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","issn_l":"0022-1295","issn":["0022-1295","1540-7748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315676","host_organization_name":"Rockefeller University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315676"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rockefeller University Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/43/3/655/1804282/655.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103406671","display_name":"Donald Kennedy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20388574","display_name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20388574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Zoology, Syracuse University and the Department of Physiology, Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse. Dr. Preston is a Senior Research Fellow of the United States Public Health Service"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Zoology, Syracuse University and the Department of Physiology, Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse. Dr. Preston is a Senior Research Fellow of the United States Public Health Service","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397","https://openalex.org/I20388574","https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111830895","display_name":"James B. Preston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20388574","display_name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20388574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James B. Preston","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Zoology, Syracuse University and the Department of Physiology, Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse. Dr. Preston is a Senior Research Fellow of the United States Public Health Service"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Zoology, Syracuse University and the Department of Physiology, Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse. Dr. Preston is a Senior Research Fellow of the United States Public Health Service","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397","https://openalex.org/I20388574","https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3823,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97251908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"3","first_page":"655","last_page":"670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10423","display_name":"Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research","score":0.47530001401901245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10423","display_name":"Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research","score":0.47530001401901245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.4661000072956085,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11004","display_name":"Crustacean biology and ecology","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crayfish","display_name":"crayfish","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventral-nerve-cord","display_name":"ventral nerve cord","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tactile-stimuli","display_name":"tactile stimuli","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoreceptors","display_name":"photoreceptors","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptive-fields","display_name":"receptive fields","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-activity","display_name":"spontaneous activity","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excitatory-postsynaptic-potentials","display_name":"excitatory postsynaptic potentials","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-integration","display_name":"synaptic integration","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuronal-firing-patterns","display_name":"neuronal firing patterns","score":0.3880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7519243359565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112592302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207387","display_name":"Excitatory postsynaptic potential","level":3,"score":0.6158358454704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779296341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1500732","display_name":"Interneuron","level":3,"score":0.5676077604293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127573956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7821376","display_name":"Tonic (physiology)","level":2,"score":0.5197843909263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781334511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108158","display_name":"Ganglion","level":2,"score":0.49680712819099426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45019203424453735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.43621015548706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19071747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755207","display_name":"Receptive field","level":2,"score":0.4314936399459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.41584882140159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17077164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185869","display_name":"Inhibitory postsynaptic potential","level":2,"score":0.4021015763282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.34765952825546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3421393036842346}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003400","descriptor_name":"Astacoidea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003445","descriptor_name":"Crustacea","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005724","descriptor_name":"Ganglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007395","descriptor_name":"Interneurons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","pdf_url":"https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/43/3/655/1804282/655.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168548653","display_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","issn_l":"0022-1295","issn":["0022-1295","1540-7748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315676","host_organization_name":"Rockefeller University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315676"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rockefeller University Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2195012","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2195012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Gen Physiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:14408509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14408509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of general physiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.283.3379","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.283.3379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/76/cb/J_Gen_Physiol_1960_Jan_1_43(3)_655-670.tar.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.43.3.655","pdf_url":"https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/43/3/655/1804282/655.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168548653","display_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","issn_l":"0022-1295","issn":["0022-1295","1540-7748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315676","host_organization_name":"Rockefeller University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315676"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rockefeller University Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of General Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1993781751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1993781751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966203229","https://openalex.org/W1968938034","https://openalex.org/W1975777897","https://openalex.org/W1979044817","https://openalex.org/W1987690167","https://openalex.org/W2019374116","https://openalex.org/W2020800644","https://openalex.org/W2027915936","https://openalex.org/W2076272623","https://openalex.org/W2121343661","https://openalex.org/W2145720832","https://openalex.org/W2344161003","https://openalex.org/W2411502383","https://openalex.org/W2422128925","https://openalex.org/W6602985286"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039353700","https://openalex.org/W2114768957","https://openalex.org/W2083091158","https://openalex.org/W2076603342","https://openalex.org/W2996855431","https://openalex.org/W1893935232","https://openalex.org/W2181356218","https://openalex.org/W2136277592","https://openalex.org/W2182825016","https://openalex.org/W1588826077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Responses":[0],"of":[1,8,41,83,97,113,130,137,173,180,186,194,203],"ascending":[2],"interneurons":[3,42],"from":[4,13,19,154,196],"the":[5,20,29,114,131,162],"caudal":[6],"ganglion":[7,116],"crayfish":[9],"have":[10,43],"been":[11,33,44],"recorded":[12],"single":[14,55,155],"units":[15,61,120,206],"isolated":[16],"by":[17,128],"dissection":[18],"ventral":[21],"nerve":[22],"cord;":[23],"in":[24],"addition,":[25],"post-synaptic":[26,138,147,163,183,205],"activity":[27,139],"within":[28],"ganglionic":[30,174],"neuropile":[31],"has":[32,140],"studied":[34],"with":[35,54,94,121],"intracellular":[36],"micropipettes.":[37],"The":[38,178,201],"following":[39,75],"classes":[40],"found:":[45],"(1)":[46,142],"Large":[47],"fibers":[48],"which":[49,89,103,125],"responded":[50,90],"to":[51,77,91,107,111,165,170,199],"tactile":[52,108],"stimuli":[53,93,109,168],"spikes":[56],"or":[57],"phasic":[58,166],"bursts.":[59],"These":[60],"usually":[62],"showed":[63,72,104],"broad":[64],"receptive":[65,188],"fields;":[66],"and":[67,110,118,169,185,216],"spontaneous":[68],"activity,":[69],"when":[70],"present,":[71],"transitory":[73],"depressions":[74],"responses":[76,105,164],"natural":[78,167],"stimuli.":[79],"(2)":[80,150],"A":[81],"group":[82],"fibers,":[84],"including":[85],"many":[86],"small":[87],"ones,":[88],"proprioceptive":[92],"tonic":[95],"discharges":[96,124],"varying":[98],"adaptation":[99],"rate.":[100],"(3)":[101,160],"Interneurons":[102],"both":[106],"activation":[112,202],"sixth":[115],"photoreceptor;":[117],"(4)":[119],"constant":[122],"frequency":[123],"were":[126],"unmodifiable":[127],"any":[129],"above":[132],"afferent":[133],"inputs.":[134],"Intracellular":[135],"recording":[136],"shown":[141],"that":[143,151,161],"widely":[144,181],"graded":[145,182],"excitatory":[146],"potentials":[148,157,184],"occur;":[149],"multiple":[152],"firing":[153],"synaptic":[156,209],"is":[158],"usual;":[159],"electrical":[171],"stimulation":[172],"roots":[175],"are":[176],"similar.":[177],"existence":[179],"extensive":[187],"fields":[189],"suggests":[190],"a":[191],"high":[192],"degree":[193],"convergence":[195],"primary":[197],"afferents":[198],"interneurons.":[200],"such":[204],"involves":[207],"integrative":[208],"transfer,":[210],"without":[211],"1:1":[212],"correspondence":[213],"between":[214],"pre-":[215],"post-fiber":[217],"activity.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
