{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992964303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","title":"Alcohol and violence: use of possible confounders in a time\u2010series analysis","display_name":"Alcohol and violence: use of possible confounders in a time\u2010series analysis","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992964303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","mag":"1992964303","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17298643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70513841","display_name":"Addiction","issn_l":"0965-2140","issn":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000171915","display_name":"Elin Kristin Bye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-8885","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-8885"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elin K. Bye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo, Norway. ekb@sirus.no","Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research  Oslo Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo, Norway. ekb@sirus.no","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research  Oslo Norway","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000171915"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0701,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95742435,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"102","issue":"3","first_page":"369","last_page":"376"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.6640999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.6640999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.14730000495910645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":0.13339999318122864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violence","display_name":"violence","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divorce","display_name":"divorce","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marriage","display_name":"marriage","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility","display_name":"fertility","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-national-product","display_name":"gross national product","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-assistance","display_name":"social assistance","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-population","display_name":"youth population","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series-analysis","display_name":"time series analysis","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norway","display_name":"Norway","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6394938230514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24338571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566298","display_name":"Autoregressive integrated moving average","level":3,"score":0.6248621940612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.6225655674934387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5582719445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.5420469045639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.5302562117576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4983103275299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.4866393506526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.44621285796165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4127911329269409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.35335999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.30370032787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29161208868026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26295679807662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22330230474472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.217555969953537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003415","descriptor_name":"Crime","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009664","descriptor_name":"Norway","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017533","descriptor_name":"Marital Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01701.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70513841","display_name":"Addiction","issn_l":"0965-2140","issn":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17298643","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17298643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction (Abingdon, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100067356","https://openalex.org/W195916728","https://openalex.org/W1522109263","https://openalex.org/W1573483387","https://openalex.org/W1969000588","https://openalex.org/W1973791868","https://openalex.org/W1977198508","https://openalex.org/W1984588419","https://openalex.org/W1990826623","https://openalex.org/W1998247168","https://openalex.org/W1999157670","https://openalex.org/W2000959907","https://openalex.org/W2002209579","https://openalex.org/W2009334700","https://openalex.org/W2017479119","https://openalex.org/W2019387037","https://openalex.org/W2024262636","https://openalex.org/W2034501622","https://openalex.org/W2056980685","https://openalex.org/W2059498295","https://openalex.org/W2082746440","https://openalex.org/W2088047416","https://openalex.org/W2091351434","https://openalex.org/W2095482900","https://openalex.org/W2116085270","https://openalex.org/W2122214134","https://openalex.org/W2145530294","https://openalex.org/W2147929684","https://openalex.org/W2154199701","https://openalex.org/W2166455754","https://openalex.org/W2167619661","https://openalex.org/W2167928903","https://openalex.org/W2227657858","https://openalex.org/W2322864392","https://openalex.org/W2325346386","https://openalex.org/W4229539396","https://openalex.org/W4229821762","https://openalex.org/W4249855545","https://openalex.org/W4301890852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1857429412","https://openalex.org/W2062762193","https://openalex.org/W2122639712","https://openalex.org/W1934759221","https://openalex.org/W2012046165","https://openalex.org/W2893459335","https://openalex.org/W2104015047","https://openalex.org/W1984346948","https://openalex.org/W6996142499","https://openalex.org/W2035225070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIMS:":[0],"To":[1],"assess":[2],"the":[3,27,60,63,116,123,130,134,137,141,146,179],"aggregate":[4,22],"association":[5],"between":[6,66],"alcohol":[7,39,100,124,161,186,194],"consumption":[8,90,101,162,187,195],"and":[9,30,36,59,68,83,96,136,190],"violence,":[10,95,189],"while":[11],"controlling":[12],"for":[13,24,122],"potential":[14],"confounders.":[15],"DESIGN":[16],"AND":[17],"MEASUREMENTS:":[18],"The":[19,119,157,176],"data":[20],"comprise":[21,43],"time-series":[23],"Norway":[25],"in":[26,99,115,133,145,206],"period":[28],"1880-2003":[29],"1911-2003":[31],"on":[32,78,167,188],"criminal":[33],"violence":[34,117,154,168,207],"rates":[35,45,169,208],"per":[37,105,107],"capita":[38],"consumption.":[40],"Possible":[41],"confounders":[42],"annual":[44],"of":[46,62,102,112,181,185],"unemployment,":[47],"divorce,":[48],"marriage,":[49],"total":[50],"fertility":[51],"rate,":[52],"gross":[53],"national":[54],"product,":[55],"public":[56],"assistance/social":[57],"care":[58],"proportion":[61],"population":[64],"aged":[65],"15":[67],"25.":[69],"Autoregressive":[70],"integrated":[71],"moving":[72],"average":[73],"(ARIMA)":[74],"analyses":[75],"were":[76,86],"performed":[77],"differenced":[79],"data.":[80],"Both":[81],"semilogarithmic":[82,135],"linear":[84,138],"models":[85],"estimated.":[87],"FINDINGS:":[88],"Alcohol":[89],"was":[91,150],"associated":[92,151],"significantly":[93,152],"with":[94,153],"an":[97,164,197],"increase":[98],"1":[103],"litre":[104],"year":[106],"inhabitant":[108],"predicted":[109],"a":[110,182],"change":[111],"approximately":[113],"8%":[114],"rate.":[118,155],"parameter":[120],"estimate":[121],"variable":[125],"remained":[126],"unaltered":[127],"after":[128],"including":[129],"covariates":[131,143],"both":[132],"models.":[139],"Of":[140],"seven":[142],"included":[144],"models,":[147],"only":[148],"divorce":[149],"CONCLUSIONS:":[156],"results":[158,177],"suggest":[159],"that":[160,193],"has":[163],"independent":[165],"effect":[166,184],"when":[170,200],"other":[171],"factors":[172],"are":[173],"controlled":[174],"for.":[175],"support":[178],"assumption":[180],"causal":[183],"it":[191],"appears":[192],"is":[196],"important":[198],"factor":[199],"we":[201],"wish":[202],"to":[203],"explain":[204],"changes":[205],"over":[209],"time.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
