{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992944656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","title":"P3\u2010492: Readability assessment of internet patient information on Alzheimer's disease provided by Alzheimer's disease research centers (ADRCs): Implications for health literacy","display_name":"P3\u2010492: Readability assessment of internet patient information on Alzheimer's disease provided by Alzheimer's disease research centers (ADRCs): Implications for health literacy","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992944656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","mag":"1992944656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111838327","display_name":"Amy E. Sanders","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amy E. Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000448269","display_name":"Richard B. Lipton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2652-2897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2652-2897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard B. Lipton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111838327"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4S_Part_20","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10737","display_name":"Health Literacy and Information Accessibility","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10737","display_name":"Health Literacy and Information Accessibility","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10827","display_name":"Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"dementia","score":0.6340000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.9583381414413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7199587225914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.658627450466156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778843546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3097973","display_name":"Health literacy","level":3,"score":0.5888579487800598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.545576810836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.544605553150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.48687639832496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.46993526816368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.44159021973609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4221772849559784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3951351046562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3456922173500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.33026593923568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21643531322479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14590412378311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12971502542495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2896204037","https://openalex.org/W4406224908","https://openalex.org/W4406224941","https://openalex.org/W4386366214","https://openalex.org/W4252839142","https://openalex.org/W2953746584","https://openalex.org/W1482807933","https://openalex.org/W1967966556","https://openalex.org/W2120480097","https://openalex.org/W4396509405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Health":[0],"literacy":[1,305,324],"constitutes":[2],"the":[3,25,67,83,96,140,146,162,269,274,281,303,311,316,322],"ability":[4],"to":[5,13,16,54,278,337],"perform":[6],"basic":[7],"reading":[8,42,61,68,87],"and":[9,15,86,133,145,157,180,249,332],"numerical":[10],"tasks":[11],"required":[12,70],"understand":[14],"act":[17],"on":[18,50,77,194,206,221,236,252,280,294],"health":[19,32,304,323],"care":[20,33],"information.":[21],"To":[22,81,172],"maximize":[23],"comprehension,":[24],"Institute":[26,167],"of":[27,89,95,164,199,285,307,326],"Medicine":[28],"(IOM)":[29],"recommends":[30],"writing":[31],"information":[34,76,91,120,193,205,293,341],"for":[35,124],"patients":[36],"at":[37,57,195,298],"or":[38],"below":[39],"a":[40,59],"sixth-grade":[41,179],"level.":[43,62],"Multiple":[44],"studies":[45],"demonstrate":[46],"that":[47,300,315],"online":[48,72,168],"resources":[49,73],"topics":[51,121],"from":[52],"cancer":[53],"epilepsy":[55],"require":[56],"least":[58,196],"tenth-grade":[60],"Little":[63],"is":[64,127,208],"known":[65],"about":[66],"level":[69,85],"by":[71,93,100,139],"providing":[74],"patients/caregiver":[75],"Alzheimer's":[78,295,317],"disease":[79,131,253,296,318],"(AD).":[80],"assess":[82],"grade":[84],"ease":[88],"patient/caregiver":[90,119,192,292,340],"provided":[92,191,204],"websites":[94,106,290],"30":[97,187],"NIA-funded":[98],"ADRCs":[99,202],"applying":[101],"established":[102],"readability":[103,169],"formulas.":[104],"ADRC":[105,115,188,289],"were":[107,122,159],"accessed":[108],"through":[109],"NIA":[110],"weblinks":[111],"(http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/ResearchInformation/ResearchCenters/).":[112],"On":[113],"each":[114,266],"website,":[116],"four":[117],"major":[118],"assessed":[123,138],"readability:":[125],"\u201cwhat":[126,207],"AD/dementia?\u201d,":[128],"warning":[129,237],"signs,":[130],"stages,":[132],"treatment":[134,222],"options.":[135],"Readability":[136],"was":[137],"Flesch-Kincaid":[141],"Grade":[142],"Level":[143],"(FK)":[144],"Flesch":[147],"Reading":[148],"Ease":[149],"index":[150],"(FRE;":[151],"scale":[152],"0\u2013100,":[153],"0=most":[154],"difficult).":[155],"FK":[156,210,225,240,256],"FRE":[158,215,230,245,261,271],"calculated":[160],"using":[161],"University":[163],"Texas":[165],"Accessibility":[166],"program":[170],"(http://www.lib.utexas.edu:8080/TxReadability/app).":[171],"meet":[173],"IOM":[174],"guidelines":[175],"FKs":[176],"should":[177,182],"be":[178,183],"FREs":[181],"80\u201390":[184],"(\u201ceasy\u201d).":[185],"Of":[186],"websites,":[189],"15":[190],"one":[197],"topic":[198,267],"interest.":[200],"Fourteen":[201],"(93.3%)":[203],"AD/dementia?\u201d(mean":[209],"11.56,":[211],"range":[212,217,227,232,242,247,258,263],"7.64\u201317.79;":[213],"mean":[214,229,244,260,270],"42.86,":[216],"6.41\u201363.83),":[218],"10":[219],"(66.7%)":[220],"options":[223],"(mean":[224,239,255],"12.55,":[226],"9.43\u201316.41;":[228],"34.45,":[231],"15.66\u201355.44),":[233],"4":[234],"(26.7%)":[235],"signs":[238],"10.42,":[241],"9.40\u201311.69;":[243],"42.85,":[246],"45.39\u201356.61;),":[248],"3":[250],"(20%)":[251],"stages":[254],"11.89,":[257],"10.13\u201314.31;":[259],"40.08,":[262],"25.24\u201349.05).":[264],"For":[265],"area,":[268],"fell":[272],"into":[273],"\u201cdifficult\u201d":[275],"range,":[276],"corresponding":[277],"\u201cadvanced\u201d":[279],"International":[282],"Standard":[283],"Classification":[284],"Education":[286],"(ISCED)":[287],"scale.":[288],"provide":[291],"written":[297],"levels":[299],"may":[301],"exceed":[302],"abilities":[306],"patients/caregivers":[308,327],"who":[309],"access":[310],"sites.":[312],"We":[313],"recommend":[314],"research":[319],"community":[320],"consider":[321],"needs":[325],"when":[328],"drafting":[329],"outreach":[330],"materials":[331],"undertake":[333],"necessary":[334],"editorial":[335],"changes":[336],"current":[338],"make":[339],"more":[342],"readable.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}