{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992933812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","title":"Functional Wave Time-Lag Focusing Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization in a Linear Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer: Improved Mass Accuracy","display_name":"Functional Wave Time-Lag Focusing Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization in a Linear Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer: Improved Mass Accuracy","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992933812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","mag":"1992933812","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9183178"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ac961151g","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000523710","display_name":"Randy M. Whittal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1174-8172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1174-8172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randy M. Whittal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036987402","display_name":"Larry M. Russon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry M. Russon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045689433","display_name":"Scot R. Weinberger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scot R. Weinberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420700","display_name":"Liang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-2108","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-2108"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and California Analytical Division, Chemical Analysis Group, Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, California 94304","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2659,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86553049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"11","first_page":"2147","last_page":"2153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10683","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10683","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12167","display_name":"Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1308","display_name":"Clinical Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maldi-mass-spectrometry","display_name":"MALDI mass spectrometry","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-accuracy","display_name":"mass accuracy","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry","display_name":"time-of-flight mass spectrometry","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-kinetic-energy","display_name":"ion kinetic energy","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.7864335775375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7816953659057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16291436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874402","display_name":"Time-of-flight mass spectrometry","level":4,"score":0.6977840662002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98960154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983322","display_name":"Time of flight","level":2,"score":0.6737579107284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.5693703293800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.4952963888645172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198291218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382","display_name":"Ionization","level":3,"score":0.48908859491348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4853886365890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4598586857318878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.42950087785720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188224857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905291","display_name":"Ion source","level":3,"score":0.4199429750442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2539314925670624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1613362431526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.08114075660705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.07854893803596497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002256","descriptor_name":"Carbonic Anhydrases","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003574","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome c Group","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006736","descriptor_name":"Horses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009211","descriptor_name":"Myoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011673","descriptor_name":"Pulsatile Flow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012015","descriptor_name":"Reference Standards","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014362","descriptor_name":"Trypsinogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019032","descriptor_name":"Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ac961151g","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961151g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9183178","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9183178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967627321","https://openalex.org/W1970285934","https://openalex.org/W1974302575","https://openalex.org/W1978835085","https://openalex.org/W1988731759","https://openalex.org/W2002959710","https://openalex.org/W2003593019","https://openalex.org/W2019285525","https://openalex.org/W2031104011","https://openalex.org/W2031919469","https://openalex.org/W2040033652","https://openalex.org/W2042327659","https://openalex.org/W2046205199","https://openalex.org/W2046389278","https://openalex.org/W2057643407","https://openalex.org/W2068241704","https://openalex.org/W2082746070","https://openalex.org/W2135842532","https://openalex.org/W4210956766","https://openalex.org/W4212826266","https://openalex.org/W4214692354"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965290366","https://openalex.org/W2996750162","https://openalex.org/W2006126625","https://openalex.org/W2066341531","https://openalex.org/W2126519262","https://openalex.org/W2076536125","https://openalex.org/W2401816530","https://openalex.org/W1974353313","https://openalex.org/W7005868530","https://openalex.org/W2078211996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,79],"strength":[1],"of":[2,21,48,72,83,134,163],"matrix-assisted":[3],"laser":[4,186],"desorption/ionization":[5],"(MALDI)":[6],"mass":[7,18,25,30,45,62,113,132,158,170],"spectrometry":[8],"is":[9,81,102,106,129,172,175,199,203],"its":[10],"ability":[11],"to":[12,44,60,118,167],"analyze":[13],"mixtures":[14],"without":[15],"separation.":[16],"MALDI":[17,52],"spectrometers":[19],"capable":[20],"providing":[22],"a":[23,28,49,57,66,73,123,155,182],"linear":[24,109],"calibration":[26],"over":[27,154],"broad":[29],"range":[31],"should":[32],"find":[33],"wide":[34],"use":[35],"in":[36,205],"these":[37],"applications.":[38],"This":[39],"work":[40],"addresses":[41],"issues":[42],"pertinent":[43],"measurement":[46],"accuracy":[47,63,133,171],"time-lag":[50,77],"focusing":[51],"time-of-flight":[53],"instrument":[54,165],"and":[55,114,143],"presents":[56],"new":[58],"approach":[59],"improving":[61],"by":[64],"using":[65,139,148],"functional":[67],"wave":[68,125],"extraction":[69,86,126],"pulse,":[70,127],"instead":[71],"square":[74],"wave,":[75],"for":[76,95],"focusing.":[78],"model":[80],"described":[82],"an":[84,107,164],"ideal":[85],"pulse":[87],"shape":[88],"that":[89,131,177],"provides":[90],"constant":[91],"total":[92,99],"kinetic":[93,100],"energy":[94,101],"all":[96],"ions.":[97],"If":[98],"constant,":[103],"then":[104],"there":[105],"exact":[108],"correlation":[110],"between":[111],"ion":[112,178],"flight":[115,179,188],"time":[116,180],"raised":[117],"the":[119,193],"second":[120],"power.":[121],"Using":[122],"descending":[124],"it":[128],"demonstrated":[130],"better":[135,144],"than":[136,145,202],"30":[137],"ppm":[138,147],"two":[140],"internal":[141],"calibrants":[142,150],"70":[146],"external":[149],"can":[151],"be":[152],"obtained":[153],"25":[156],"ku":[157],"range.":[159],"The":[160],"practical":[161],"aspects":[162],"needed":[166],"obtain":[168],"consistent":[169],"discussed.":[173],"It":[174],"found":[176],"shows":[181],"small":[183],"dependence":[184,198],"upon":[185],"flux;":[187],"times":[189],"increase":[190],"slightly":[191],"as":[192],"flux":[194],"increases.":[195],"But":[196],"this":[197],"much":[200],"smaller":[201],"observed":[204],"continuous-extraction":[206],"MALDI.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}