{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992875451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","title":"Perceptions of the Social and Personal Characteristics of Hypermuscular Women and of the Men Who Love Them","display_name":"Perceptions of the Social and Personal Characteristics of Hypermuscular Women and of the Men Who Love Them","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992875451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","mag":"1992875451","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15449698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75832472","display_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","issn_l":"0022-4545","issn":["0022-4545","1940-1183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067393737","display_name":"Gordon B. Forbes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146644014","display_name":"Millikin University","ror":"https://ror.org/013bgdt24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gordon B. Forbes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Behavioral Sciences, Millikin University, Decatur, IL 62522, USA. gforbes@mail.millikin.edu","Millikin University, Decatur, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Behavioral Sciences, Millikin University, Decatur, IL 62522, USA. gforbes@mail.millikin.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Millikin University, Decatur, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009865648","display_name":"Leah E. Adams\u2010Curtis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146644014","display_name":"Millikin University","ror":"https://ror.org/013bgdt24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leah E. Adams-curtis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Millikin University, Decatur, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Millikin University, Decatur, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051056676","display_name":"Katie M. Holmgren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146644014","display_name":"Millikin University","ror":"https://ror.org/013bgdt24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katie M. Holmgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Millikin University, Decatur, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Millikin University, Decatur, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014712662","display_name":"Kay B. White","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146644014","display_name":"Millikin University","ror":"https://ror.org/013bgdt24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kay B. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Millikin University, Decatur, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Millikin University, Decatur, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"144","issue":"5","first_page":"487","last_page":"506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11888","display_name":"Gender Roles and Identity Studies","score":0.4535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11888","display_name":"Gender Roles and Identity Studies","score":0.4535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.18199999630451202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.1680999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bodybuilders","display_name":"bodybuilders","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-stereotypes","display_name":"gender stereotypes","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-masculinity","display_name":"perceived masculinity","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/romantic-partners","display_name":"romantic partners","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-perceptions-of-women","display_name":"male perceptions of women","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-traits","display_name":"personality traits","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-behavior","display_name":"social behavior","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-behavior","display_name":"sexual behavior","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attractiveness","display_name":"attractiveness","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-identity","display_name":"gender identity","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7914391160011292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6441053152084351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127816348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127588","display_name":"Extraversion and introversion","level":4,"score":0.6197682023048401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6099473834037781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.5956324338912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.563042938709259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076509","display_name":"Masculinity","level":2,"score":0.47673213481903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4651210308074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.4372161030769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778868352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866081","display_name":"Femininity","level":2,"score":0.4236080050468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005783","descriptor_name":"Gender Identity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006984","descriptor_name":"Hypertrophy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008149","descriptor_name":"Love","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010552","descriptor_name":"Personality Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012725","descriptor_name":"Sexual Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012919","descriptor_name":"Social Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013008","descriptor_name":"Somatotypes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013240","descriptor_name":"Stereotyping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014891","descriptor_name":"Weight Lifting","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.144.5.487-506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75832472","display_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","issn_l":"0022-4545","issn":["0022-4545","1940-1183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15449698","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15449698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of social psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121005985","https://openalex.org/W176791664","https://openalex.org/W202178298","https://openalex.org/W1485157749","https://openalex.org/W1977115530","https://openalex.org/W1984583793","https://openalex.org/W1995674315","https://openalex.org/W2004930202","https://openalex.org/W2008144594","https://openalex.org/W2019552832","https://openalex.org/W2027516309","https://openalex.org/W2030352462","https://openalex.org/W2060505845","https://openalex.org/W2060995254","https://openalex.org/W2061560414","https://openalex.org/W2065048398","https://openalex.org/W2075831813","https://openalex.org/W2082460564","https://openalex.org/W2098478523","https://openalex.org/W2121044470","https://openalex.org/W2127069860","https://openalex.org/W2158019466","https://openalex.org/W2462059365","https://openalex.org/W2484451676","https://openalex.org/W2495862337","https://openalex.org/W2890075893","https://openalex.org/W2952576033","https://openalex.org/W4212769276","https://openalex.org/W4230602695","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300407503","https://openalex.org/W6725368074","https://openalex.org/W6906857276"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158019466","https://openalex.org/W2884758153","https://openalex.org/W3188854499","https://openalex.org/W2120209176","https://openalex.org/W6981323064","https://openalex.org/W1998751603","https://openalex.org/W2495862337","https://openalex.org/W4229630804","https://openalex.org/W2120209961","https://openalex.org/W1995928024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"predominately":[1],"European":[2],"American":[3],"sample":[4],"of":[5,25,140],"middle":[6],"class":[7],"college":[8],"students":[9],"rated":[10],"hypermuscular":[11,38,111,141],"female":[12],"bodybuilders":[13],"and":[14,33,50,60,65,87,94,119,135],"the":[15,43,100,122,131,144],"men":[16,105,145],"who":[17,106,146],"were":[18,147],"romantically":[19,108,148],"involved":[20,109,149],"with":[21,110,150],"them":[22,71],"on":[23],"measures":[24],"perceived":[26,37,70,104],"gender":[27,133],"traits,":[28,30,117],"personality":[29],"social":[31],"behaviors,":[32],"heterosexual":[34],"behaviors.":[35],"Participants":[36,103],"women,":[39],"as":[40,46,72,113],"compared":[41],"to":[42,56,76,83,90,96],"average":[44,101,123],"woman,":[45],"having":[47,114],"more":[48,88],"masculine":[49,116],"fewer":[51],"feminine":[52],"interests,":[53,118],"less":[54,61,74],"likely":[55,75,89],"be":[57,84,91],"good":[58],"mothers,":[59],"intelligent,":[62],"socially":[63,79],"popular,":[64],"attractive.":[66],"However,":[67],"participants":[68],"also":[69],"being":[73],"engage":[77],"in":[78],"deviant":[80],"behaviors":[81],"or":[82,137,143],"sexually":[85],"manipulative":[86],"extraverted,":[92],"conscientious,":[93],"open":[95],"new":[97],"experiences":[98],"than":[99,121],"woman.":[102],"are":[107],"women":[112,142],"stronger":[115],"identities":[120],"man.":[124],"The":[125],"authors":[126],"found":[127],"no":[128],"relationships":[129],"between":[130],"perceiver's":[132],"type":[134],"his":[136],"her":[138],"perceptions":[139],"them.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}