{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992762269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","title":"Arming the enemy: the evolution of resistance to self-proteins","display_name":"Arming the enemy: the evolution of resistance to self-proteins","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992762269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","mag":"1992762269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12777478"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196799759","display_name":"Microbiology","issn_l":"1350-0872","issn":["1350-0872","1465-2080"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058628051","display_name":"Graham Bell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7280-6391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7280-6391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology Department, McGill University, 1205 Ave Dr Penfield, Montreal, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3A 1B1","Biology Department, McGill University, 1205 Ave Dr Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, McGill University, 1205 Ave Dr Penfield, Montreal, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3A 1B1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, McGill University, 1205 Ave Dr Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053328874","display_name":"Pierre\u2010Henri Gouyon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-4553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-4553"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/028rypz17","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091490","display_name":"Ecologie, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9, Evolution","ror":"https://ror.org/00kk89y84","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210091490"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre-Henri Gouyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Ecologie, Syst\u00e9matique et Evolution, b\u00e2t. 362 Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay c\u00e9dex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Ecologie, Syst\u00e9matique et Evolution, b\u00e2t. 362 Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay c\u00e9dex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I4210091490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3268,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":136,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29878049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"149","issue":"6","first_page":"1367","last_page":"1375"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11103","display_name":"Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11103","display_name":"Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12526","display_name":"Antimicrobial agents and applications","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-peptides","display_name":"antimicrobial peptides","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistance","display_name":"antibiotic resistance","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-membranes","display_name":"bacterial membranes","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-evolution","display_name":"resistance evolution","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-defense-proteins","display_name":"host defense proteins","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-antibiotics","display_name":"novel antibiotics","score":0.3720000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.7175649404525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.6038196086883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6015834808349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.5898607969284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.4732533097267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.44140705466270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57473165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315604","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4316113293170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.3906322419643402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.37849071621894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.3623802065849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2996752858161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.167642742395401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16509374976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1303502321243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1166602075099945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10984593629837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07592436671257019}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001693","descriptor_name":"Biological Transport, Active","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010450","descriptor_name":"Endopeptidases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D024881","descriptor_name":"Drug Resistance, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D024881","descriptor_name":"Drug Resistance, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26265-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196799759","display_name":"Microbiology","issn_l":"1350-0872","issn":["1350-0872","1465-2080"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12777478","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12777478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology (Reading, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2184714319","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://biology.mcgill.ca/faculty/bell/articles/90.BellGouyon_2003_Microbiol149.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499519022","https://openalex.org/W1596824325","https://openalex.org/W1860164944","https://openalex.org/W1967356024","https://openalex.org/W1970230095","https://openalex.org/W1988228153","https://openalex.org/W2001700040","https://openalex.org/W2003493354","https://openalex.org/W2003695011","https://openalex.org/W2023149552","https://openalex.org/W2026215081","https://openalex.org/W2041810355","https://openalex.org/W2054602599","https://openalex.org/W2060715734","https://openalex.org/W2063563543","https://openalex.org/W2064407452","https://openalex.org/W2066400580","https://openalex.org/W2074116481","https://openalex.org/W2075787303","https://openalex.org/W2094949442","https://openalex.org/W2106108647","https://openalex.org/W2110359324","https://openalex.org/W2117753850","https://openalex.org/W2119889633","https://openalex.org/W2123581277","https://openalex.org/W2128931069","https://openalex.org/W2141676495","https://openalex.org/W2142201339","https://openalex.org/W2144529399","https://openalex.org/W2148128286","https://openalex.org/W2156172406","https://openalex.org/W2160043086","https://openalex.org/W2166791780","https://openalex.org/W2171600225","https://openalex.org/W2278579184","https://openalex.org/W4244732422","https://openalex.org/W6828321110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184714319","https://openalex.org/W7098997327","https://openalex.org/W1988091104","https://openalex.org/W2469777279","https://openalex.org/W6941610618","https://openalex.org/W7106273804","https://openalex.org/W2418650876","https://openalex.org/W4366826642","https://openalex.org/W2269495137","https://openalex.org/W2056274187"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"remarkable":[1],"range":[2],"of":[3,34,56,76,86],"novel":[4],"antibiotics":[5],"is":[6,38,70],"attracting":[7],"increasing":[8],"interest":[9],"as":[10],"a":[11],"major":[12],"new":[13],"weapon":[14],"in":[15],"the":[16,25,30,53,74,84],"campaign":[17],"against":[18,99],"bacterial":[19,57],"infection.":[20,100],"They":[21],"are":[22],"based":[23],"on":[24],"toxic":[26],"peptides":[27],"that":[28,40,67],"provide":[29],"innate":[31],"immune":[32],"system":[33],"animals,":[35],"and":[36,63,93],"it":[37],"claimed":[39],"bacteria":[41],"will":[42],"be":[43],"unable":[44],"to":[45,48,88],"evolve":[46],"resistance":[47,87],"them":[49],"because":[50],"they":[51],"attack":[52],"'Achilles'":[54],"heel'":[55],"membrane":[58],"structure.":[59],"Both":[60],"experimental":[61],"evidence":[62],"theoretical":[64],"arguments":[65],"suggest":[66],"this":[68],"claim":[69],"doubtful.":[71],"If":[72],"so,":[73],"introduction":[75],"these":[77],"substances":[78],"into":[79],"general":[80],"use":[81],"may":[82],"provoke":[83],"evolution":[85],"our":[89,96],"own":[90],"defence":[91],"proteins":[92],"thus":[94],"compromise":[95],"natural":[97],"defences":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
