{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992014382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","title":"The pain apperception test: An investigation of concurrent validity","display_name":"The pain apperception test: An investigation of concurrent validity","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992014382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","mag":"1992014382","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/357453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S640450","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9762","issn":["0021-9762","1097-4679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049182888","display_name":"Harold A. Ziesat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harold A. Ziesat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109228127","display_name":"W. Doyle Gentry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Doyle Gentry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center","The authors wish to thank Dr. Richard Sternbach and Ms. Gretchen Timmermans for inspiring this study and for providing the research facilities. Special thanks go to Ms. Lydia Deems for helping to collect the data and to Dr. Hugh Angle for helping to analyze the data"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors wish to thank Dr. Richard Sternbach and Ms. Gretchen Timmermans for inspiring this study and for providing the research facilities. Special thanks go to Ms. Lydia Deems for helping to collect the data and to Dr. Hugh Angle for helping to analyze the data","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4496,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84178848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":"786","last_page":"789"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.45559999346733093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.45559999346733093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.41990000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11334","display_name":"Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments","score":0.031300000846385956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-pain","display_name":"chronic pain","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-validity","display_name":"concurrent validity","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmpi","display_name":"MMPI","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-indicators","display_name":"health indicators","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourniquet-test","display_name":"tourniquet test","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-validity","display_name":"predictive validity","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166523933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556298","display_name":"Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory","level":3,"score":0.8031390905380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7485593557357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198999979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159115","display_name":"Concurrent validity","level":4,"score":0.6579549312591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5462881326675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127816348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127588","display_name":"Extraversion and introversion","level":4,"score":0.5094481110572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44200369715690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71067952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620995","display_name":"Apperception","level":2,"score":0.4123589098453522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20685875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239678","display_name":"Predictive validity","level":2,"score":0.41097649931907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.3668743371963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.25067949295043945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.1197303831577301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.11007460951805115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.06328386068344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008950","descriptor_name":"MMPI","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008950","descriptor_name":"MMPI","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008950","descriptor_name":"MMPI","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011386","descriptor_name":"Projective Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011386","descriptor_name":"Projective Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011386","descriptor_name":"Projective Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011581","descriptor_name":"Psychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011581","descriptor_name":"Psychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011581","descriptor_name":"Psychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<786::aid-jclp2270340345>3.0.co;2-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S640450","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9762","issn":["0021-9762","1097-4679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:357453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/357453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980238536","https://openalex.org/W1993483099","https://openalex.org/W2003379380","https://openalex.org/W2058543427","https://openalex.org/W2068060155","https://openalex.org/W2120622906","https://openalex.org/W2169867679","https://openalex.org/W2419710396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980238536","https://openalex.org/W2093212483","https://openalex.org/W2057563609","https://openalex.org/W2073336402","https://openalex.org/W1977988193","https://openalex.org/W106225336","https://openalex.org/W2075562419","https://openalex.org/W2025898597","https://openalex.org/W2461634033","https://openalex.org/W2114227281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gave":[0],"55":[1],"chronic":[2,114],"pain":[3,115,126],"patients":[4],"the":[5,10,12,16,19,23,30,34,42,46,49,70,77,81,85,96,101,111],"Pain":[6,20],"Apperception":[7],"Test":[8,25],"(PAT),":[9],"MMPI,":[11],"Health":[13,86],"Index":[14],"Index,":[15,18],"Whitely":[17],"Estimate,":[21],"and":[22,72,79,128],"Tourniquet":[24],"in":[26],"an":[27],"investigation":[28],"of":[29,33,45,52,76,84,100,113],"concurrent":[31,43],"validity":[32,44],"PAT.":[35],"The":[36,62,88,103],"results":[37,105],"did":[38,60],"not":[39],"support":[40],"strongly":[41],"PAT,":[47],"given":[48],"small":[50],"number":[51],"significant":[53],"correlations":[54],"obtained.":[55],"However,":[56],"several":[57],"consistent":[58],"patterns":[59],"emerge:":[61],"PAT":[63,89],"appeared":[64,90],"to":[65,91,110,124],"be":[66,92],"correlated":[67,93],"positively":[68],"with":[69,80,95,108,122],"Alcoholism":[71],"Social":[73],"Introversion":[74],"scales":[75],"MMPI":[78],"Invalidism":[82],"scale":[83,99],"Index.":[87],"negatively":[94],"Psychopathic":[97],"Deviate":[98],"MMPI.":[102],"latter":[104],"are":[106],"discussed":[107],"respect":[109],"psychodynamics":[112],"patients.":[116],"Further":[117],"research":[118],"is":[119],"suggested,":[120],"especially":[121],"regard":[123],"direct":[125],"measures":[127],"predictive":[129],"validity.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}