{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991383804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","title":"Compact units in proteins","display_name":"Compact units in proteins","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991383804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","mag":"1991383804","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3778881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/bi00367a062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104038378","display_name":"Biochemistry","issn_l":"0006-2960","issn":["0006-2960","1520-4995","1943-295X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biochemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026675942","display_name":"Michael H. Zehfus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael H. Zehfus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085464041","display_name":"George D. Rose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-2123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-2123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George D. Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8365,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":105,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85706158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"19","first_page":"5759","last_page":"5765"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11162","display_name":"Enzyme Structure and Function","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-compactness","display_name":"protein compactness","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-domains","display_name":"protein domains","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-subdomains","display_name":"protein subdomains","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-modules","display_name":"protein modules","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solvent-accessible-surface-area","display_name":"solvent accessible surface area","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lysozyme","display_name":"lysozyme","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribonuclease","display_name":"ribonuclease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-misfolding","display_name":"protein misfolding","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding-pathways","display_name":"protein folding pathways","score":0.8560000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.7128924131393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778407487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565201","display_name":"Altmetrics","level":2,"score":0.6650136113166809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6334620714187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474","display_name":"Icon","level":2,"score":0.6265096664428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5517980456352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4641140103340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67101536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535910","display_name":"George (robot)","level":2,"score":0.44506263732910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.39725178480148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3427489697933197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1411762535572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006422","descriptor_name":"Hemerythrin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007136","descriptor_name":"Immunoglobulins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009113","descriptor_name":"Muramidase","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012260","descriptor_name":"Ribonucleases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/bi00367a062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104038378","display_name":"Biochemistry","issn_l":"0006-2960","issn":["0006-2960","1520-4995","1943-295X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biochemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3778881","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3778881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biochemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1032627673","display_name":"LOCATION, EVALUATION, AND TAXONOMY OF PROTEIN DOMAINS","funder_award_id":"F32GM010824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4935674519","display_name":"SELF RECOGNITION IN GLOBULAR PROTEINS","funder_award_id":"R01GM029458","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328353","display_name":"Jaypee Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sttyy11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157808733","https://openalex.org/W1535631466","https://openalex.org/W1588000118","https://openalex.org/W1966041739","https://openalex.org/W1973181401","https://openalex.org/W1975736414","https://openalex.org/W1981916797","https://openalex.org/W1987294760","https://openalex.org/W1988397041","https://openalex.org/W1997870466","https://openalex.org/W1998616079","https://openalex.org/W1999473806","https://openalex.org/W2004360551","https://openalex.org/W2021331983","https://openalex.org/W2022230748","https://openalex.org/W2034941137","https://openalex.org/W2047580421","https://openalex.org/W2055118532","https://openalex.org/W2076949662","https://openalex.org/W2078051636","https://openalex.org/W2091378967","https://openalex.org/W2095179527","https://openalex.org/W2125304058","https://openalex.org/W2177731497","https://openalex.org/W2179038264","https://openalex.org/W2290019866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024552188","https://openalex.org/W2109161057","https://openalex.org/W1983836796","https://openalex.org/W2011510078","https://openalex.org/W2800990176","https://openalex.org/W2072042449","https://openalex.org/W4242489016","https://openalex.org/W2026855956","https://openalex.org/W4415216095","https://openalex.org/W1998616079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"explicit":[1],"measure":[2,70,105],"of":[3,9,17,23,43,59,65,101],"geometric":[4],"compactness":[5,10],"called":[6],"the":[7,24,28,39,44,47,57,69,99,102,104],"coefficient":[8],"is":[11,71,106],"introduced.":[12],"This":[13],"single":[14],"value":[15],"figure":[16],"merit":[18],"identifies":[19],"those":[20],"continuous":[21],"segments":[22,37],"polypeptide":[25],"chain":[26],"having":[27],"smallest":[29],"solvent-accessible":[30],"surface":[31],"area":[32],"for":[33],"their":[34,79,147],"volume.":[35],"These":[36,83],"are":[38,85,150],"most":[40],"compact":[41,81],"units":[42,84,154],"protein,":[45],"and":[46,75,91,113,143],"larger":[48],"ones":[49],"correspond":[50],"to":[51,73,77,108,136],"conventional":[52],"protein":[53,67],"domains.":[54],"To":[55,97],"demonstrate":[56],"plausibility":[58],"this":[60,157],"approach":[61],"as":[62],"a":[63,160],"method":[64,158],"identifying":[66],"domains,":[68,89],"applied":[72],"lysozyme":[74],"ribonuclease":[76],"discover":[78],"constituent":[80],"units.":[82],"then":[86],"compared":[87],"with":[88],"subdomains,":[90],"modules":[92],"found":[93],"by":[94,156],"other":[95],"methods.":[96],"show":[98],"sensitivity":[100],"method,":[103],"used":[107],"successfully":[109],"differentiate":[110],"between":[111,141],"native":[112],"deliberately":[114],"misfolded":[115,144],"proteins":[116],"[Novotn\u00fd,":[117],"J.,":[118],"Bruccoleri,":[119],"R.,":[120],"&":[121],"Karplus,":[122],"M.":[123],"(1984)":[124],"J.":[125],"Mol.":[126],"Biol.":[127],"177,":[128],"787-818].":[129],"Methods":[130],"that":[131,170],"utilize":[132],"only":[133],"backbone":[134,148],"atoms":[135],"define":[137],"domains":[138],"cannot":[139],"distinguish":[140],"authentic":[142],"molecules":[145],"because":[146],"conformations":[149],"virtually":[151],"superimposable.":[152],"Compact":[153],"identified":[155],"exhibit":[159],"hierarchic":[161],"organization.":[162],"Such":[163],"an":[164],"organization":[165],"suggests":[166],"possible":[167],"folding":[168],"pathways":[169],"can":[171],"be":[172],"tested":[173],"experimentally.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}