{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991294789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","title":"Epidemiological investigation of expressive language delay at age two","display_name":"Epidemiological investigation of expressive language delay at age two","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991294789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","mag":"1991294789"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/014272379301303702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197434","display_name":"First Language","issn_l":"0142-7237","issn":["0142-7237","1740-2344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"First Language","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064454785","display_name":"Leslie A. Rescorla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102373834","display_name":"Bryn Mawr College","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjwtp51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie Rescorla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bryn Mawr College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bryn Mawr College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050451422","display_name":"Mary Hadicke-Wiley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102373834","display_name":"Bryn Mawr College","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjwtp51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Hadicke-Wiley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bryn Mawr College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bryn Mawr College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007724488","display_name":"Eileen Escarce","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102373834","display_name":"Bryn Mawr College","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjwtp51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eileen Escarce","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bryn Mawr College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bryn Mawr College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102373834"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3531,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88993799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"37","first_page":"5","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expressive-language-delay","display_name":"expressive language delay","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toddlers","display_name":"toddlers","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary-size","display_name":"vocabulary size","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayley-scales-of-infant-development","display_name":"Bayley Scales of Infant Development","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stanford-binet","display_name":"Stanford-Binet","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-development","display_name":"language development","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.7672684788703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.6552103757858276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922625","display_name":"Checklist","level":2,"score":0.6284207105636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48631176352500916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.46225398778915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4380030930042267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.36660236120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.30864959955215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3010154068470001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.15705853700637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13881802558898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/014272379301303702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/014272379301303702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197434","display_name":"First Language","issn_l":"0142-7237","issn":["0142-7237","1740-2344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"First Language","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8560000061988831,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615993545","https://openalex.org/W1646069323","https://openalex.org/W1915918426","https://openalex.org/W1979039945","https://openalex.org/W2031875226","https://openalex.org/W2034999870","https://openalex.org/W2043983792","https://openalex.org/W2071218336","https://openalex.org/W2078631877","https://openalex.org/W2102356712","https://openalex.org/W2150567865","https://openalex.org/W2181585681","https://openalex.org/W2978408319","https://openalex.org/W4233711076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071218336","https://openalex.org/W1980606371","https://openalex.org/W2184539305","https://openalex.org/W7045924477","https://openalex.org/W2072879470","https://openalex.org/W1966015193","https://openalex.org/W4233711076","https://openalex.org/W1983184850","https://openalex.org/W2134420849","https://openalex.org/W2135977252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0,33],"studies":[1,136],"are":[2],"presented":[3],"investigating":[4],"the":[5,9,21,25,71,100,115,123,134,139,149,159],"feasibility":[6],"of":[7,24,27,35,70,81,92,125,133,152],"using":[8],"Language":[10],"Development":[11],"Survey":[12],"(LDS),":[13],"a":[14,143],"vocabulary":[15,52,88],"checklist":[16],"completed":[17],"by":[18,99],"parents,":[19],"for":[20,122,148],"epidemiological":[22,150],"investigation":[23],"prevalence":[26],"expressive":[28,153],"language":[29,126,154],"delay":[30,127,155],"in":[31,57,63,104,109,156,158],"2-year-olds.":[32],"samples":[34,73],"upper-middle":[36],"class":[37],"toddlers":[38],"were":[39],"studied":[40],"(Study":[41],"1:":[42],"N":[43,48],"=":[44,49],"108;":[45],"Study":[46,58,64,105,110],"2:":[47],"92).":[50],"Mean":[51],"reported":[53,74,86],"was":[54,102],"195":[55],"words":[56,62,80],"1":[59,106],"and":[60,68,89,95,107,120,145],"184":[61],"2,":[65],"with":[66],"13%":[67],"15%":[69],"respective":[72],"to":[75],"have":[76],"fewer":[77],"than":[78],"50":[79],"vocabulary.":[82],"The":[83],"correlation":[84],"between":[85],"LDS":[87,116,140],"total":[90],"number":[91],"Bayley":[93],"objects":[94],"Stanford-Binet":[96],"pictures":[97],"named":[98],"child":[101],"0.78":[103],"0.82":[108],"2.":[111],"In":[112],"both":[113],"studies,":[114],"exhibited":[117],"excellent":[118],"sensitivity":[119],"specificity":[121],"identification":[124,151],"at":[128],"2":[129],"years":[130],"old.":[131],"Results":[132],"two":[135],"suggest":[137],"that":[138],"can":[141],"be":[142],"useful":[144],"practical":[146],"tool":[147],"2-year-olds":[157],"general":[160],"population.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}