{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991244052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","title":"Secondary and Tertiary Recovery of Crude Oil from Outcrop and Reservoir Rocks by Low Salinity Waterflooding","display_name":"Secondary and Tertiary Recovery of Crude Oil from Outcrop and Reservoir Rocks by Low Salinity Waterflooding","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991244052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","mag":"1991244052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/154209-ms","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306530664","display_name":"SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035153456","display_name":"Winoto Winoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winoto Winoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wyoming"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wyoming","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003167075","display_name":"Nina Loahardjo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Loahardjo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wyoming"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wyoming","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113580271","display_name":"Xina Xie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xina (Sheena) Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wyoming"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wyoming","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082071487","display_name":"Peigui Yin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peigui Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wyoming"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wyoming","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109241739","display_name":"Norman R. Morrow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman R. Morrow","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wyoming"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wyoming","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96063183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11801","display_name":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-salinity-water-flooding","display_name":"low salinity waterflooding","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-oil-recovery","display_name":"enhanced oil recovery","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-and-tertiary-oil-recovery","display_name":"secondary and tertiary oil recovery","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonate-reservoirs","display_name":"carbonate reservoirs","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-seawater","display_name":"artificial seawater","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-permeability","display_name":"gas permeability","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"porosity","score":0.9409999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169212394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531953","display_name":"Outcrop","level":2,"score":0.8815361261367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.8127564787864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.7734081149101257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776124570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16999820","display_name":"Residual oil","level":2,"score":0.5715041160583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780927383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7081418","display_name":"Oil in place","level":3,"score":0.5519652366638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214403","display_name":"Brine","level":2,"score":0.5447205305099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.451774537563324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113215200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1845437","display_name":"Petroleum reservoir","level":2,"score":0.42843982577323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.30767667293548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.19463244080543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.08923032879829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0795227587223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.05223330855369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/154209-ms","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/154209-ms","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306530664","display_name":"SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552771392","https://openalex.org/W1966508692","https://openalex.org/W1984970722","https://openalex.org/W1986738078","https://openalex.org/W2002989790","https://openalex.org/W2005323816","https://openalex.org/W2005979457","https://openalex.org/W2009334827","https://openalex.org/W2031121845","https://openalex.org/W2042479541","https://openalex.org/W2047173128","https://openalex.org/W2057127119","https://openalex.org/W2066121696","https://openalex.org/W2068314910","https://openalex.org/W2081111402","https://openalex.org/W2085731681","https://openalex.org/W2330891169","https://openalex.org/W2485355422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007861487","https://openalex.org/W2065703120","https://openalex.org/W2038830044","https://openalex.org/W2062509461","https://openalex.org/W2044395580","https://openalex.org/W7217875932","https://openalex.org/W3024656207","https://openalex.org/W2024831176","https://openalex.org/W2247905582","https://openalex.org/W3008688661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"wide":[2],"range":[3],"of":[4,19,90,98,120,135,149,183,206],"outcrop":[5,41,92,232],"sandstones":[6,45,151],"and":[7,46,57,106,138,152,165,179,195,218,233],"carbonates":[8,154],"have":[9],"been":[10],"tested":[11,40,156],"for":[12,35,69,133,141,147,157,175,190,203,210,231,250],"waterflood":[13],"response":[14,30,71,126,242],"to":[15,31,54,61,96,114,127,243],"one":[16],"twentieth":[17],"dilution":[18],"synthetic":[20],"seawater,":[21],"using":[22,111,161],"a":[23,36],"single":[24],"crude":[25,109],"oil":[26,68,110,159],"that":[27,94,240],"gave":[28],"high":[29,176],"low":[32,99,128,162,192,244],"salinity":[33,100,129,163,177,193,209,245],"flooding":[34,130,246],"reservoir":[37,121,234,252],"rock.":[38],"The":[39,63],"rocks":[42,83,93],"included":[43],"17":[44],"6":[47,148],"carbonates.":[48],"Gas":[49],"permeabilities":[50],"ranged":[51],"from":[52,59,215,224],"1.49":[53],"7,187":[55],"mD":[56],"porosities":[58],"10":[60],"39%.":[62],"average":[64],"reduction":[65,207],"in":[66,118,188,208],"residual":[67],"tertiary":[70],"was":[72,131],"only":[73],"1.5%":[74],"OOIP":[75],"with":[76,108,172],"the":[77,91,125,136,142,150,173,184,191,204,225,251],"highest":[78],"being":[79],"5.8%":[80],"OOIP;":[81],"some":[82],"showed":[84,186,197],"no":[85],"response.":[86],"After":[87],"testing,":[88],"three":[89,196],"responded":[95],"injection":[97,180],"brine":[101],"were":[102,155],"restored":[103],"by":[104],"cleaning":[105],"re-aging":[107],"procedures":[112],"comparable":[113],"those":[115],"commonly":[116],"used":[117],"restoration":[119],"cores.":[122,253],"When":[123],"re-tested,":[124],"eliminated":[132],"two":[134],"cores":[137,213,221],"significantly":[139,248],"reduced":[140],"third":[143],"core.":[144],"Companion":[145],"plugs":[146,185],"3":[153],"increased":[158],"recovery":[160,189],"connate":[164,178],"injected":[166],"brine;":[167],"this":[168],"data":[169],"provided":[170],"comparison":[171],"measurements":[174],"brine.":[181],"Six":[182],"increase":[187],"waterfloods,":[194],"decrease.":[198],"Results":[199],"are":[200],"also":[201],"summarized":[202],"effects":[205],"11":[211],"sandstone":[212],"taken":[214,223],"five":[216],"reservoirs":[217],"8":[219],"carbonate":[220],"all":[222],"same":[226],"reservoir.":[227],"Comparison":[228],"between":[229],"results":[230],"cores,":[235],"including":[236],"literature":[237],"data,":[238],"indicates":[239],"overall":[241],"is":[247],"higher":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}