{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990970154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","title":"Low LET protons focused to submicrometer shows enhanced radiobiological effectiveness","display_name":"Low LET protons focused to submicrometer shows enhanced radiobiological effectiveness","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990970154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","mag":"1990970154","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22955045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049786528","display_name":"Thomas Ernst Schmid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8894-8087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8894-8087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T E Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany. T.E.Schmid@lrz.tu-muenchen.de","Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany. T.E.Schmid@lrz.tu-muenchen.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109965694","display_name":"C. Greubel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Greubel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037542587","display_name":"Volker Hable","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Hable","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007124108","display_name":"Olga Zlobinskaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Zlobinskaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066780865","display_name":"D\u00f6rte Michalski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Michalski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054379381","display_name":"Stefanie Girst","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Girst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033009146","display_name":"Christian Siebenwirth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5677-8001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5677-8001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Siebenwirth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001001811","display_name":"Ernst W. Schmid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4662-5298","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4662-5298"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067540828","display_name":"M. Molls","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Molls","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005299926","display_name":"Gabriele Multhoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-3137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-3137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Multhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014320924","display_name":"G\u00fcnther Dollinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-8411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-8411"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Dollinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Neubiberg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1294,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85057828,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"19","first_page":"5889","last_page":"5907"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12166","display_name":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiobiological-effectiveness","display_name":"radiobiological effectiveness","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-beam-focusing","display_name":"proton beam focusing","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micronuclei","display_name":"micronuclei","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dicentric-chromosomes","display_name":"dicentric chromosomes","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-microprobe","display_name":"ion microprobe","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-effect-model","display_name":"local effect model","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-ion-radiotherapy","display_name":"carbon ion radiotherapy","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11928243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1360981","display_name":"Relative biological effectiveness","level":3,"score":0.7829192876815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.6572125554084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780944729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897227","display_name":"Bragg peak","level":3,"score":0.6449843049049377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86611320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1699996","display_name":"Linear energy transfer","level":3,"score":0.6322504281997681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.4546913504600525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177322064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750955","display_name":"Radiochemistry","level":1,"score":0.4090614914894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3747086822986603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.36409544944763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.3190138339996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2380795180797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08524724841117859}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003412","descriptor_name":"Cricetulus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006224","descriptor_name":"Cricetinae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006657","descriptor_name":"Histones","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012062","descriptor_name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016466","descriptor_name":"CHO Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018499","descriptor_name":"Linear Energy Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061766","descriptor_name":"Proton Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/57/19/5889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22955045","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22955045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1182437","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1182437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400453","display_name":"mediaTUM \u2013 the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de:8603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=8603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196115","display_name":"Site cant be reached","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Phys. Med. Biol. 57, 5889-5907 (2012)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10662156","https://openalex.org/W1937945619","https://openalex.org/W1970144866","https://openalex.org/W1971472657","https://openalex.org/W1972613669","https://openalex.org/W1991097740","https://openalex.org/W1991147753","https://openalex.org/W1996190509","https://openalex.org/W1999205993","https://openalex.org/W2007142755","https://openalex.org/W2007698474","https://openalex.org/W2013297982","https://openalex.org/W2022072037","https://openalex.org/W2023640892","https://openalex.org/W2033371629","https://openalex.org/W2033447714","https://openalex.org/W2038990927","https://openalex.org/W2039339188","https://openalex.org/W2040145532","https://openalex.org/W2045869375","https://openalex.org/W2053000325","https://openalex.org/W2057917414","https://openalex.org/W2062911620","https://openalex.org/W2063531064","https://openalex.org/W2068151001","https://openalex.org/W2076771282","https://openalex.org/W2079693984","https://openalex.org/W2088413560","https://openalex.org/W2104421165","https://openalex.org/W2107125664","https://openalex.org/W2109464019","https://openalex.org/W2120829690","https://openalex.org/W2125349953","https://openalex.org/W2139254857","https://openalex.org/W2325925465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2620971881","https://openalex.org/W2924388483","https://openalex.org/W4390792418","https://openalex.org/W2566369369","https://openalex.org/W2885667292","https://openalex.org/W1219278410","https://openalex.org/W2014330001","https://openalex.org/W7021201039","https://openalex.org/W2071109102","https://openalex.org/W3135511085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"shows":[2],"that":[3,177,219],"enhanced":[4],"radiobiological":[5],"effectiveness":[6],"(RBE)":[7],"values":[8,133,207,225],"can":[9],"be":[10],"generated":[11],"focusing":[12],"low":[13],"linear":[14],"energy":[15,158,167],"transfer":[16],"(LET)":[17],"radiation":[18],"and":[19,68,187,193],"thus":[20],"changing":[21],"the":[22,39,51,124,154,201,213],"microdose":[23],"distribution.":[24],"20":[25],"MeV":[26,165,169],"protons":[27,85,112,149],"(LET":[28],"=":[29,64,71,114,119,183,189],"2.65":[30],"keV":[31],"\u00b5m(-1))":[32],"are":[33,80,134,173,195],"focused":[34,87],"to":[35,88,101,136,197,222,229],"submicrometer":[36,90],"diameter":[37],"at":[38,123],"ion":[40,162],"microprobe":[41],"superconducting":[42],"nanoprobe":[43],"for":[44,179,226],"applied":[45,111,150],"nuclear":[46],"(Kern)":[47],"physics":[48],"experiments":[49],"of":[50,128,157,176,200,212],"Munich":[52],"tandem":[53],"accelerator.":[54],"The":[55,131,147,171,204],"RBE":[56,132,206,224],"values,":[57],"as":[58],"determined":[59],"by":[60],"measuring":[61],"micronuclei":[62],"(RBE(MN)":[63,113,182],"1.48":[65],"\u00b1":[66,73,116,121,185,191],"0.07)":[67],"dicentrics":[69],"(RBE(D)":[70],"1.92":[72],"0.15),":[74],"in":[75,104],"human-hamster":[76],"hybrid":[77],"(A(L))":[78],"cells":[79],"significantly":[81],"higher":[82],"when":[83],"117":[84,148],"were":[86],"a":[89,94,105,160],"irradiation":[91,227],"field":[92],"within":[93],"5.4":[95,97],"\u00d7":[96,107],"\u00b5m(2)":[98,109],"matrix":[99,110],"compared":[100],"quasi":[102],"homogeneous":[103],"1":[106,108],"1.28":[115],"0.07;":[117],"RBE(D)":[118,188],"1.41":[120],"0.14)":[122],"same":[125,155],"average":[126],"dose":[127],"1.7":[129],"Gy.":[130],"normalized":[135],"standard":[137],"70":[138],"kV":[139,143],"(dicentrics)":[140],"or":[141],"200":[142],"(micronuclei)":[144],"x-ray":[145],"irradiation.":[146],"per":[151],"point":[152],"deposit":[153],"amount":[156],"like":[159],"(12)C":[161,180],"with":[163,232],"55":[164],"total":[166],"(4.48":[168],"u(-1)).":[170],"enhancements":[172],"about":[174],"half":[175],"obtained":[178],"ions":[181],"2.20":[184],"0.06":[186],"3.21":[190],"0.10)":[192],"they":[194],"attributed":[196],"intertrack":[198],"interactions":[199],"induced":[202],"damages.":[203],"measured":[205],"show":[208],"differences":[209],"from":[210],"predictions":[211],"local":[214],"effect":[215],"model":[216],"(LEM":[217],"III)":[218],"is":[220],"used":[221],"calculate":[223],"plans":[228],"treat":[230],"tumors":[231],"high":[233],"LET":[234],"particles.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}