{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990616751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","title":"Life cycle CO2 analysis of LNG and city gas","display_name":"Life cycle CO2 analysis of LNG and city gas","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990616751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","mag":"1990616751"},"language":"zh","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109565702","display_name":"Applied Energy","issn_l":"0306-2619","issn":["0306-2619","1872-9118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030909633","display_name":"Itaru Tamura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800578655","display_name":"Osaka Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/03s6cj295","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itaru Tamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009761294","display_name":"Toshihide Tanaka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800578655","display_name":"Osaka Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/03s6cj295","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Toshihide Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077114745","display_name":"Toshimasa Kagajo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800578655","display_name":"Osaka Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/03s6cj295","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshimasa Kagajo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 17 Minami-machi, Chudoji, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shigeru Kuwabara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173469426","display_name":"Tokyo Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pzhf68","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shigeru Kuwabara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084368067","display_name":"Tomoyuki Yoshioka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173469426","display_name":"Tokyo Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pzhf68","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoyuki Yoshioka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694160","display_name":"Takahiro Nagata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-2943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-2943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173469426","display_name":"Tokyo Gas (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pzhf68","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahiro Nagata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., 1 Chome, 5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173469426"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011227939","display_name":"Kazuhiro Kurahashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275138","display_name":"TOHO GAS Co., Ltd. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/031brhr47","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275138"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuhiro Kurahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toho Gas Co., Ltd., 507-2 Shinpo-Machi, Tokai-City, Aichi Pref., Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toho Gas Co., Ltd., 507-2 Shinpo-Machi, Tokai-City, Aichi Pref., Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110115702","display_name":"Hisashi Ishitani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisashi Ishitani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo University, 1 Chome, 3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo University, 1 Chome, 3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009761294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800578655"],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6152,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69769369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"301","last_page":"319"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12271","display_name":"Renewable energy and sustainable power systems","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-cycle-co2-emissions","display_name":"life cycle CO2 emissions","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquefied-natural-gas","display_name":"liquefied natural gas","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/city-gas","display_name":"city gas","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-gas-liquefaction","display_name":"natural gas liquefaction","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-emissions","display_name":"methane emissions","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lng-transportation","display_name":"LNG transportation","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-gas-production","display_name":"natural gas production","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"energy consumption","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-gas-distribution","display_name":"natural gas distribution","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japan","display_name":"Japan","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14034172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358333","display_name":"Liquefied natural gas","level":3,"score":0.8232824802398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.8109638690948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59427239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858","display_name":"Natural gas","level":2,"score":0.8058686256408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191859794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180208","display_name":"Liquefaction","level":2,"score":0.6623252630233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6046344041824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778706760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581950","display_name":"Life-cycle assessment","level":3,"score":0.5662872195243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.5257036685943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113740612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1845437","display_name":"Natural gas field","level":3,"score":0.521895706653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4392067790031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4303016662597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42476335167884827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.41621142625808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-2619(00)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109565702","display_name":"Applied Energy","issn_l":"0306-2619","issn":["0306-2619","1872-9118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:appene:v:68:y:2001:i:3:p:301-319","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306-2619(00)00062-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"score":0.8485000133514404,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.7811999917030334,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2795994545","https://openalex.org/W3034333871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058525481","https://openalex.org/W175459918","https://openalex.org/W4406202324","https://openalex.org/W7151676502","https://openalex.org/W3126545511","https://openalex.org/W3213137499","https://openalex.org/W7213478924","https://openalex.org/W4394815322","https://openalex.org/W2945892262","https://openalex.org/W4403351582"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
