{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990607426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","title":"Issue Unbundling via Citizens' Initiatives","display_name":"Issue Unbundling via Citizens' Initiatives","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990607426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","mag":"1990607426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1561/100.00008059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44648735","display_name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","issn_l":"1554-0626","issn":["1554-0626","1554-0634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318575","host_organization_name":"Now Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318575","https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Now Publishers","Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110757928","display_name":"Timothy J. Besley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140326","display_name":"Centre for Economic Policy Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04jzmdh37","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Besley","raw_affiliation_strings":["London School of Economics Department of Economics, , London WC2A 2AE,","Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","London School of Economics & Political Science (LSE) - Department of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London School of Economics Department of Economics, , London WC2A 2AE,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"London School of Economics & Political Science (LSE) - Department of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056055473","display_name":"Stephen Coate","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Coate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University Department of Economics, , , 14853","National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","Cornell University - Department of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University Department of Economics, , , 14853","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University - Department of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":49.777,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":177,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99613813,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"379","last_page":"397"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.6439999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.6439999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13291","display_name":"Political Theory and Democracy","score":0.20350000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.03750000149011612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-initiatives","display_name":"citizen initiatives","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-change","display_name":"constitutional change","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electoral-competition","display_name":"electoral competition","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-preferences","display_name":"public preferences","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-outcomes","display_name":"policy outcomes","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-democracy","display_name":"direct democracy","score":0.6520000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7668479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882446","display_name":"Unbundling","level":2,"score":0.9652560949325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4821281433105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.38500452041625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3559229075908661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3429601788520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3319569230079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3280617296695709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3229902386665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24133485555648804}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1561/100.00008059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00008059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44648735","display_name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","issn_l":"1554-0626","issn":["1554-0626","1554-0634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318575","host_organization_name":"Now Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318575","https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Now Publishers","Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3386/w8036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:8036","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w8036.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w8036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016905042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://papers.nber.org/papers/w8036.pdf","pdf_url":"http://papers.nber.org/papers/w8036.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.142.4703","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.142.4703","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://econ.lse.ac.uk/staff/tbesley/papers/initiative.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1990607426","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://core.ac.uk/display/218499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2892047532","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nbr:nberwo:8036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3140004143","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/8036.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:2857","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=2857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w8036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w8036","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1990607426.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1990607426.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413160167","https://openalex.org/W630089277","https://openalex.org/W6903540098","https://openalex.org/W2084973709","https://openalex.org/W7097849055","https://openalex.org/W4206377238","https://openalex.org/W2269326163","https://openalex.org/W278652157","https://openalex.org/W4248611086","https://openalex.org/W164946941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"role":[1],"of":[2,33,96,107],"citizens\u2019":[3],"initiatives":[4,19,37,103],"figures":[5],"prominently":[6],"in":[7],"contemporary":[8],"debates":[9],"on":[10,35,69,76],"constitutional":[11],"change.":[12],"It":[13,50,98],"is":[14],"widely":[15],"believed":[16],"that":[17,79],"permitting":[18],"should":[20],"improve":[21],"the":[22,31,44,77,105,114],"congruence":[23,68,112],"between":[24],"citizen":[25],"preferences":[26],"and":[27],"policy":[28],"outcomes":[29],"across":[30],"spectrum":[32],"issues":[34,109],"which":[36,110],"may":[38,60],"be":[39,64],"placed.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"investigates":[43],"theoretical":[45],"basis":[46],"for":[47,87,92],"this":[48,121],"view.":[49],"begins":[51],"by":[52,62],"identifying":[53],"three":[54,115],"basic":[55],"reasons":[56,116],"why":[57],"electoral":[58],"competition":[59],"not,":[61],"itself,":[63],"sufficient":[65],"to":[66,85,120],"ensure":[67],"specific":[70,108],"issues.":[71,97],"Each":[72],"reason":[73],"relies":[74],"critically":[75],"fact":[78],"citizens":[80],"have":[81,90],"only":[82],"one":[83],"vote":[84],"cast":[86],"candidates":[88],"who":[89],"responsibility":[91],"choosing":[93],"a":[94],"bundle":[95],"then":[99],"shows":[100],"how":[101],"allowing":[102],"permits":[104],"unbundling":[106],"improves":[111],"when":[113],"apply.":[117],"Important":[118],"caveats":[119],"logic":[122],"are":[123],"also":[124],"presented.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-22T09:42:04.148104","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
