{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990366100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","title":"Niger-Nigerian alkaline ring complexes: a classic example of African Phanerozoic anorogenic mid-plate magmatism","display_name":"Niger-Nigerian alkaline ring complexes: a classic example of African Phanerozoic anorogenic mid-plate magmatism","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990366100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","mag":"1990366100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29311329","display_name":"Geological Society London Special Publications","issn_l":"0305-8719","issn":["0305-8719","2041-4927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311650","host_organization_name":"Geological Society of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Geological Society of London"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005751658","display_name":"Peter Bowden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-8205","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-8205"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Bowden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Black","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Black","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036786807","display_name":"Robert F. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-096X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-096X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. F. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, University of St. Andrews\rFife KY16 9ST, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, University of St. Andrews\rFife KY16 9ST, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021670599","display_name":"E.C. Ike","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I40434647","https://openalex.org/I4210124654","https://openalex.org/I48825208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. C. Ike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de P\u00e9trologie, Universit\u00e9 de Paris 6\r75230 Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de P\u00e9trologie, Universit\u00e9 de Paris 6\r75230 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061572442","display_name":"Judith A. Kinnaird","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Kinnaird","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geological Sciences, McGill University\rMontreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geological Sciences, McGill University\rMontreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078926640","display_name":"Richard A. Batchelor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2003-9300","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2003-9300"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Batchelor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University\rZaria, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University\rZaria, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9324,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83089363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"357","last_page":"379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10001","display_name":"Geological and Geochemical Analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10001","display_name":"Geological and Geochemical Analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13177","display_name":"Geological and Geophysical Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13193","display_name":"Geological Studies and Exploration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anorogenic-magmatism","display_name":"anorogenic magmatism","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pan-african-orogeny","display_name":"Pan-African orogeny","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraplate-volcanism","display_name":"intraplate volcanism","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magma-mixing","display_name":"magma mixing","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leucogabbro","display_name":"leucogabbro","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anorthosite","display_name":"anorthosite","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium-deposits","display_name":"uranium deposits","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/columbite","display_name":"columbite","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cassiterite","display_name":"cassiterite","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fenitization","display_name":"fenitization","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonatites","display_name":"carbonatites","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/west-africa","display_name":"West Africa","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162973429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1467769","display_name":"Magmatism","level":3,"score":0.8739370703697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7560702562332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167570900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101313","display_name":"Phanerozoic","level":4,"score":0.6552806496620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5152976512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.4255010187625885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.28432267904281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.066363126039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.06514468789100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73707237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102416","display_name":"Cenozoic","level":3,"score":0.0571589469909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.17","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29311329","display_name":"Geological Society London Special Publications","issn_l":"0305-8719","issn":["0305-8719","2041-4927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311650","host_organization_name":"Geological Society of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Geological Society of London"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185960692","https://openalex.org/W276245268","https://openalex.org/W1975540972","https://openalex.org/W1977586905","https://openalex.org/W1978890933","https://openalex.org/W1983992782","https://openalex.org/W1999291551","https://openalex.org/W2012449948","https://openalex.org/W2014814915","https://openalex.org/W2021781213","https://openalex.org/W2028267648","https://openalex.org/W2031244696","https://openalex.org/W2046192843","https://openalex.org/W2046508768","https://openalex.org/W2047498512","https://openalex.org/W2051113175","https://openalex.org/W2064426714","https://openalex.org/W2068652227","https://openalex.org/W2086059010","https://openalex.org/W2089806581","https://openalex.org/W2093794105","https://openalex.org/W2095666416","https://openalex.org/W2099933844","https://openalex.org/W2105938399","https://openalex.org/W2118300487","https://openalex.org/W2118782876","https://openalex.org/W2151727220","https://openalex.org/W2154108321","https://openalex.org/W2186258866","https://openalex.org/W2186614229","https://openalex.org/W2312478095","https://openalex.org/W2314240865","https://openalex.org/W2318027364","https://openalex.org/W2321865263","https://openalex.org/W2327475597","https://openalex.org/W2330773227","https://openalex.org/W3206258905","https://openalex.org/W4239114643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2357840951","https://openalex.org/W2387123425","https://openalex.org/W3143589366","https://openalex.org/W2945758439","https://openalex.org/W50924278","https://openalex.org/W2381133745","https://openalex.org/W2035727453","https://openalex.org/W2560281816","https://openalex.org/W1577817975"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary":[0],"The":[1,86,119,171,187,199],"Pan-African":[2,64],"orogeny,":[3],"regarded":[4],"as":[5,30,111,157],"a":[6,15,20],"major":[7],"event":[8],"in":[9,18,53,83,256],"the":[10,33,37,41,47,54,58,63,71,77,150,160,181,206,236],"construction":[11],"of":[12,22,32,40,62,73,79,92,105,107,152,159,176,190,205,235],"Gondwanaland,":[13],"played":[14],"dominant":[16],"role":[17],"providing":[19],"variety":[21],"source":[23,182],"materials":[24],"for":[25,183,243],"mineralization,":[26],"melting":[27],"or":[28],"assimilation":[29],"components":[31],"Benin-Nigerian":[34],"shield.":[35],"Although":[36],"parent":[38],"magmas":[39],"silica-oversaturated":[42],"alkaline":[43,125,257],"rocks":[44],"which":[45],"constitute":[46],"Niger-Nigerian":[48,87],"anorogenic":[49,88,209,238],"province":[50,89],"were":[51],"initiated":[52],"asthenosphere,":[55],"it":[56],"was":[57],"exploitation":[59],"and":[60,67,116,155,168,197,202,220,228,261],"reactivation":[61],"shear":[65],"zones":[66],"transcurrent":[68],"faults":[69],"during":[70],"fragmentation":[72],"Gondwanaland":[74],"that":[75,233],"controlled":[76],"locations":[78],"Phanerozoic":[80],"intra-plate":[81],"magmatism":[82],"W":[84],"Africa.":[85],"represents":[90],"one":[91],"those":[93],"regions":[94],"where":[95],"progressive":[96],"uplift":[97],"has":[98,179,231],"been":[99],"accompanied":[100],"by":[101],"periodic":[102],"sequential":[103],"development":[104],"chains":[106],"volcanoes":[108],"now":[109],"exposed":[110],"ring":[112,259],"complexes":[113,260],"with":[114,123,164,195,264],"Palaeozoic":[115,161],"Mesozoic":[117],"ages.":[118],"magmatic":[120,216],"lineage":[121],"comparable":[122],"other":[124],"provinces":[126],"can":[127,137,223],"be":[128,138,224],"established":[129],"from":[130,218],"preserved":[131],"volcanic":[132,174],"sequences.":[133],"Associated":[134],"andesite":[135],"compositions":[136],"attributed":[139],"to":[140,247],"magma":[141],"mixing.":[142],"In":[143],"Niger,":[144],"an":[145],"important":[146],"petrogenetic":[147],"parameter":[148],"is":[149],"occurrence":[151],"leucogabbros,":[153],"anorthosites":[154],"monzoanorthosites":[156],"part":[158],"sub-volcanic":[162],"association":[163],"syenites,":[165],"peralkaline":[166],"granites":[167],"biotite":[169],"granites.":[170],"partially":[172],"eroded":[173],"cover":[175],"rhyolitic":[177],"ignimbrites":[178],"provided":[180],"substantial":[184,241],"uranium":[185],"deposits.":[186],"southern":[188],"centres":[189,210,239],"upper-Silurian-lower-Devonian":[191],"age":[192],"are":[193,211,250],"mineralized":[194],"columbite":[196],"cassiterite.":[198],"general":[200],"geological":[201],"geochemical":[203,229],"features":[204],"Nigerian":[207,237],"Triassic-Jurassic":[208],"well":[212],"known.":[213],"While":[214],"their":[215],"derivation":[217],"mantle":[219],"crustal":[221],"sources":[222],"conclusively":[225],"demonstrated,":[226],"petrological":[227],"research":[230],"shown":[232],"many":[234],"demonstrate":[240],"evidence":[242],"post-magmatic":[244],"metasomatism":[245,255],"linked":[246],"mineralization.":[248],"There":[249],"certain":[251],"parallels":[252],"between":[253],"alkali":[254],"granite":[258],"fenitization":[262],"associated":[263],"carbonatites.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}