{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990307587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","title":"Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in a Benign Form of Sickle Cell Anemia in Saudi Arabia","display_name":"Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in a Benign Form of Sickle Cell Anemia in Saudi Arabia","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990307587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","mag":"1990307587","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3092532"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000206111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182948766","display_name":"Acta Haematologica","issn_l":"0001-5792","issn":["0001-5792","1421-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Haematologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079112617","display_name":"A.I. Alayash","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.I. Alayash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044453339","display_name":"Abdullah A. Dafallah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Dafallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111296012","display_name":"H. Al-Husayni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Al-Husayni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085833113","display_name":"Amein K. Al\u2010Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-3534","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-3534"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.K. Al-Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074368253","display_name":"Abdulaziz A. Al-Quorain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-3929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-3929"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Al-Quorain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111412284","display_name":"A.H.S. Omer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.H.S. Omer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dummam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110246171","display_name":"M.T. Wilson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.T. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Essex University, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Essex University, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041178845","display_name":"J. Bonaventura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Bonaventura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University Marine Laboratory and The Marine Biomedical Center, Pivers Island, Beaufort, N.C., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University Marine Laboratory and The Marine Biomedical Center, Pivers Island, Beaufort, N.C., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002135390","display_name":"Robert E. Cashon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Cashon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University Marine Laboratory and The Marine Biomedical Center, Pivers Island, Beaufort, N.C., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University Marine Laboratory and The Marine Biomedical Center, Pivers Island, Beaufort, N.C., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09936943,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"3","first_page":"160","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12094","display_name":"Hemoglobin structure and function","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11660","display_name":"Blood groups and transfusion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sickle-cell-disease","display_name":"sickle cell disease","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-hemoglobin","display_name":"fetal hemoglobin","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-3-bisphosphoglycerate","display_name":"2,3-diphosphoglycerate","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbss","display_name":"HbSS","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saudi-patients","display_name":"Saudi patients","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-differences","display_name":"ethnic differences","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-severity","display_name":"disease severity","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-blood-cell-survival","display_name":"erythrocyte survival","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776317666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2496436","display_name":"Fetal hemoglobin","level":4,"score":0.8649898171424866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.831426203250885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7097235918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5548624396324158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778620579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185034","display_name":"Sickle cell anemia","level":3,"score":0.5481909513473511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779668550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642147","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathy","level":3,"score":0.5109754800796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.48938411474227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48060843348503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908652662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2496436","display_name":"Hemoglobin F","level":5,"score":0.47792917490005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.46673545241355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172680121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26513","display_name":"Fetus","level":3,"score":0.44582027196884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145668","display_name":"Hemolytic anemia","level":2,"score":0.3593404293060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.30220603942871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10443651676177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.06984570622444153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000755","descriptor_name":"Anemia, Sickle Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012529","descriptor_name":"Saudi Arabia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012805","descriptor_name":"Sickle Cell Trait","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000206111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000206111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182948766","display_name":"Acta Haematologica","issn_l":"0001-5792","issn":["0001-5792","1421-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Haematologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3092532","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3092532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta haematologica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326607","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Camerino","ror":"https://ror.org/0005w8d69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087166775","https://openalex.org/W1987729243","https://openalex.org/W1983573023","https://openalex.org/W1493998812","https://openalex.org/W2059676910","https://openalex.org/W2033139535","https://openalex.org/W2053828329","https://openalex.org/W2092531824","https://openalex.org/W1998535080","https://openalex.org/W4250194750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Glycosylated":[0],"hemoglobin":[1,25,56,82,232],"was":[2,89,109,184],"determined":[3],"by":[4,205,212,220],"the":[5,15,39,51,73,117,126,135,151,157,213,216,234,240,248],"thiobarbituric":[6],"acid":[7],"method":[8],"in":[9,26,48,57,84,143,150,179,233,245],"sickle":[10,86,207],"cell":[11,87,208],"anemia":[12],"patients":[13,88,209,246],"from":[14,97,247],"Eastern":[16,249],"Province":[17,250],"of":[18,23,36,38,41,54,70,72,75,99,101,119,137,159,161,167,197,215,223,230,242,251],"Saudi":[19,28,85,152,180,206,252],"Arabia.":[20,253],"The":[21,80,130,176,200],"level":[22,83,158],"glycosylated":[24,55,120,138,224],"a":[27],"SS":[29,61,182],"sample":[30,40,62,74],"(4.36%,":[31],"SD":[32,44,64,78],"0.83)":[33],"is":[34,47,67,94,174,210],"90%":[35],"that":[37,71,98,196],"normals":[42,76],"(4.85%,":[43],"0.51).":[45],"This":[46],"contrast":[49],"with":[50],"reported":[52,131],"value":[53,178],"an":[58],"American":[59,144],"Black":[60],"(3.9%,":[63],"0.6),":[65],"which":[66,93],"only":[68,154,191],"60%":[69],"(6.6%,":[77],"0.7).":[79],"fetal":[81,162,231],"12.03%":[90],"(SD":[91,187],"4.84),":[92],"significantly":[95],"different":[96],"Americans":[100],"African":[102],"origin":[103],"at":[104,125],"p":[105],"=":[106,114],"0.001.":[107],"There":[108],"no":[110,170],"significant":[111],"correlation":[112],"(r":[113],"0.236)":[115],"between":[116,134],"percentages":[118,136],"Hb":[121,123,139,141,168,181,225],"and":[122,140,189,226],"F":[124,142,169],"10%":[127],"confidence":[128],"level.":[129],"positive":[132],"relationship":[133],"Blacks":[145],"seems":[146,236],"to":[147,156,238],"be":[148],"valid":[149],"population":[153],"up":[155],"10-12%":[160,229],"hemoglobin.":[163],"Above":[164],"this":[165,243],"threshold":[166],"further":[171],"alleviating":[172],"effect":[173],"seen.":[175],"2,3-diphosphoglycerate":[177],"adults":[183],"21.7":[185],"mumol/g":[186],"7.4)":[188],"accordingly":[190],"twice":[192],"as":[193,195,218],"high":[194],"normal":[198],"individuals.":[199],"benign":[201],"clinical":[202],"course":[203],"exhibited":[204],"reflected":[211],"survival":[214],"RBC":[217,235],"indexed":[219],"its":[221],"content":[222],"2,3-diphosphoglycerate.":[227],"Moreover":[228],"sufficient":[237],"ameliorate":[239],"severity":[241],"disease":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}