{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990100571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","title":"PURCHASING POWER PARITY IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL SURADF TEST","display_name":"PURCHASING POWER PARITY IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL SURADF TEST","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990100571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","mag":"1990100571"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90392387","display_name":"South African Journal of Economics","issn_l":"0038-2280","issn":["0038-2280","1684-0097","1813-6982"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027717351","display_name":"Ahmad Zubaidi Baharumshah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-6546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-6546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ahmad zubaidi baharumshah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058213753","display_name":"Evan Lau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-5842","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-5842"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41461413","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","ror":"https://ror.org/05b307002","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"evan lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068884672","display_name":"Mudziviri Nziramasanga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"mudziviri t. nziramasanga","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027717351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"apc_list":{"value":2850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2850},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2826,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94904801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"1","first_page":"40","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purchasing-power-parity","display_name":"purchasing power parity","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-exchange-rate","display_name":"real exchange rate","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-unit-root-tests","display_name":"panel unit root tests","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-reversion","display_name":"mean reversion","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-run-ppp","display_name":"long-run PPP","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-rand","display_name":"South African rand","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-dollar-exchange-rate","display_name":"US dollar exchange rate","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euro-exchange-rate","display_name":"euro exchange rate","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109888216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82135","display_name":"Purchasing power parity","level":3,"score":0.9418517351150513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195561663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307899","display_name":"Unit root","level":2,"score":0.7759324312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69048361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310798","display_name":"Relative purchasing power parity","level":4,"score":0.7461792230606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.7027781009674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.6317524909973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144341231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7887151","display_name":"Unit root test","level":3,"score":0.609804630279541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109168655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242988","display_name":"Liberian dollar","level":2,"score":0.5911535620689392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019931467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917","display_name":"Us dollar","level":3,"score":0.5605888366699219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5377118587493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135205223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367137","display_name":"Mean reversion","level":2,"score":0.5156909227371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777151079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141160","display_name":"Parity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4497874677181244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.4460865557193756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82843974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205231","display_name":"Interest rate parity","level":3,"score":0.4238010346889496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.34482598304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145162277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751675","display_name":"Cointegration","level":2,"score":0.17261937260627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.06180128455162048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90392387","display_name":"South African Journal of Economics","issn_l":"0038-2280","issn":["0038-2280","1684-0097","1813-6982"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:16391","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16391/1/Purchasing%20power%20parity%20and%20efficiency%20of%20black%20market%20exchange%20rate%20in%20African%20countries.pdf","pdf_url":"http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16391/1/Purchasing%20power%20parity%20and%20efficiency%20of%20black%20market%20exchange%20rate%20in%20African%20countries.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.unimas.my:17827","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/17827/1/PURCHASING%20POWER%20PARITY%20IN%20AFRICAN%20COUNTRIES%20%28abstract%29.pdf","pdf_url":"http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/17827/1/PURCHASING%20POWER%20PARITY%20IN%20AFRICAN%20COUNTRIES%20%28abstract%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400335","display_name":"Unimas Institutional Repository (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I41461413","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:bla:sajeco:v:78:y:2010:i:1:p:40-56","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2010.01231.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90392387","display_name":"South African Journal of Economics","issn_l":"0038-2280","issn":["0038-2280","1684-0097","1813-6982"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309913","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321784","display_name":"Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi","ror":"https://ror.org/012s3r374"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1990100571.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1990100571.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W599064294","https://openalex.org/W1513359962","https://openalex.org/W1538346221","https://openalex.org/W1539422778","https://openalex.org/W1562462867","https://openalex.org/W1662681156","https://openalex.org/W1969230115","https://openalex.org/W1971404117","https://openalex.org/W1972935096","https://openalex.org/W1974689480","https://openalex.org/W1976386631","https://openalex.org/W1978775682","https://openalex.org/W1981523517","https://openalex.org/W1983814807","https://openalex.org/W1986249460","https://openalex.org/W1991884530","https://openalex.org/W1998103941","https://openalex.org/W2001167672","https://openalex.org/W2001440256","https://openalex.org/W2003949238","https://openalex.org/W2004975329","https://openalex.org/W2005013362","https://openalex.org/W2012242180","https://openalex.org/W2019027049","https://openalex.org/W2019727316","https://openalex.org/W2019769349","https://openalex.org/W2023416069","https://openalex.org/W2040985368","https://openalex.org/W2042005156","https://openalex.org/W2044665184","https://openalex.org/W2049752238","https://openalex.org/W2056564712","https://openalex.org/W2079727604","https://openalex.org/W2081139913","https://openalex.org/W2082358866","https://openalex.org/W2097580026","https://openalex.org/W2098126242","https://openalex.org/W2098241728","https://openalex.org/W2104871694","https://openalex.org/W2116388354","https://openalex.org/W2117513178","https://openalex.org/W2118826824","https://openalex.org/W2123786757","https://openalex.org/W2132507817","https://openalex.org/W2136490244","https://openalex.org/W2156147736","https://openalex.org/W2160146921","https://openalex.org/W2161007982","https://openalex.org/W2168257636","https://openalex.org/W2736567095","https://openalex.org/W2889738490","https://openalex.org/W2955852100","https://openalex.org/W3121888640","https://openalex.org/W3121964474","https://openalex.org/W3122766067","https://openalex.org/W3123833473","https://openalex.org/W3127910849","https://openalex.org/W4300031860"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045079313","https://openalex.org/W2284130801","https://openalex.org/W2607532934","https://openalex.org/W2626602908","https://openalex.org/W2066113880","https://openalex.org/W2141096976","https://openalex.org/W2883983028","https://openalex.org/W2172248004","https://openalex.org/W2065880654","https://openalex.org/W1546809322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"reexamines":[2],"the":[3,27,32,42,55,71,78,94,98,103,108,124,129],"validity":[4],"of":[5,15,70,93,123],"long-run":[6],"purchasing":[7],"power":[8],"parity":[9,95],"(PPP)":[10],"hypothesis":[11],"using":[12,77],"a":[13],"battery":[14],"panel":[16,34],"unit":[17,35,57],"root":[18,36,58],"tests":[19],"for":[20],"11":[21,72],"developing":[22],"countries":[23,49,126],"in":[24,47,102,118],"Africa":[25],"over":[26],"period":[28],"1980-2007.":[29],"Based":[30],"on":[31],"conventional":[33],"tests,":[37],"we":[38],"found":[39],"evidence":[40,92],"that":[41,67,88,115],"monthly":[43],"real":[44],"exchange":[45],"rates":[46,100,106],"these":[48],"were":[50,75],"mean":[51],"reverting.":[52],"By":[53],"contrast,":[54],"series-specific":[56],"test":[59],"proposed":[60],"by":[61],"Breuer":[62],"et":[63],"al.":[64],"(SURADF)":[65],"reveals":[66],"only":[68],"six":[69],"RERs":[73],"series":[74],"stationary":[76],"US":[79,109],"dollar":[80,110],"as":[81],"reference":[82],"currency.":[83],"Additionally,":[84],"our":[85],"results":[86],"reveal":[87],"there":[89],"is":[90],"stronger":[91],"condition":[96],"with":[97],"Rand-based":[99],"than":[101],"other":[104],"currency-based":[105],"like":[107],"or":[111],"Euro.":[112],"We":[113],"conclude":[114],"PPP":[116],"holds":[117],"some,":[119],"but":[120],"not":[121],"all,":[122],"African":[125],"according":[127],"to":[128],"SURADF":[130],"tests.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}