{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990032360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","title":"\u2018Elementary\u2019 Images in the Samaritan Episode of Piers Plowman","display_name":"\u2018Elementary\u2019 Images in the Samaritan Episode of Piers Plowman","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990032360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","mag":"1990032360"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/escrit/cgl006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104337109","display_name":"Essays in Criticism","issn_l":"0014-0856","issn":["0014-0856","1471-6852"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Essays in Criticism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032129965","display_name":"A. V. C. Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-5767","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-5767"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. V. C. Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balliol College, Oxford"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balliol College, Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032129965"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":{"value":4981,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4981},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8392,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95043338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"4","first_page":"303","last_page":"323"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13167","display_name":"Historical, Literary, and Cultural Studies","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14469","display_name":"Renaissance Literature and Culture","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piers-plowman","display_name":"Piers Plowman","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/william-langland","display_name":"William Langland","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-imagery","display_name":"sensory imagery","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-elements","display_name":"four elements","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-allegory","display_name":"medieval allegory","score":0.4659999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.6631925702095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.451474130153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.40838828682899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3753582537174225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3538814187049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3410685658454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.2902766168117523}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/escrit/cgl006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/escrit/cgl006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104337109","display_name":"Essays in Criticism","issn_l":"0014-0856","issn":["0014-0856","1471-6852"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Essays in Criticism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/205489","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/205489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570782052","https://openalex.org/W586298298","https://openalex.org/W643871343","https://openalex.org/W1491086578","https://openalex.org/W1564275893","https://openalex.org/W1588520875","https://openalex.org/W1601288330","https://openalex.org/W1981253953","https://openalex.org/W2021482088","https://openalex.org/W2028334829","https://openalex.org/W2074625191","https://openalex.org/W2088663289","https://openalex.org/W2091866325","https://openalex.org/W2327638863","https://openalex.org/W2510580773","https://openalex.org/W2511605350","https://openalex.org/W2796051668","https://openalex.org/W2796099654","https://openalex.org/W2796190224","https://openalex.org/W3128684898"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3175578180","https://openalex.org/W2954445415","https://openalex.org/W2233288742","https://openalex.org/W6906617744","https://openalex.org/W2029843425","https://openalex.org/W396218455","https://openalex.org/W646888556","https://openalex.org/W2465804054","https://openalex.org/W4388403398","https://openalex.org/W2512202177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IN":[0],"AN":[1],"ESSAY":[2],"published":[3],"in":[4,22,66,128,223,261,320,333],"this":[5,41,60,316],"journal":[6],"over":[7],"twenty-five":[8],"years":[9],"ago,":[10],"I":[11,35,54,58,226,306,324],"claimed":[12],"that":[13,40,53,86,144,243],"the":[14,84,95,100,108,117,126,139,142,158,197,208,212,221,224,235,246,256,275,279,294,300,310,329,337],"imagery":[15,44,88,140,319],"of":[16,43,119,141,171,179,207,211,248,269,293,302,318,336],"food":[17],"and":[18,28,49,77,79,113,173,184,187,191,218,238,241,258],"drink":[19],"so":[20,80],"prominent":[21],"Piers":[23,129,303],"Plowman":[24,130],"was":[25],"\u2018genuinely":[26],"structural\u2019":[27],"\u2018central":[29],"to":[30,38,46,91,94,148,157,328],"Langland's":[31,163],"main":[32],"thematic":[33],"concern\u2019.1":[34],"now":[36],"wish":[37],"argue":[39],"strain":[42],"pertains":[45],"a":[47,69,103,204,266,291,321],"wider":[48],"more":[50],"basic":[51],"category":[52],"shall":[55,325],"call":[56],"\u2018elementary\u2019.":[57],"adopt":[59],"term,":[61],"which":[62,272,283,314],"may":[63,287],"seem":[64],"surprising":[65],"connection":[67],"with":[68,151,203,309],"poet":[70],"like":[71,107,138],"Langland,":[72],"as":[73,97,99,182,231,233],"signifying":[74],"both":[75],"\u2018elemental\u2019":[76],"\u2018rudimentary\u2019,":[78],"usefully":[81],"keeping":[82],"present":[83],"notion":[85,292],"such":[87,176],"is":[89],"meant":[90],"be":[92,149,288],"comprehensible":[93],"simple":[96],"well":[98],"subtle.2":[101],"With":[102],"few":[104],"well-known":[105],"exceptions,":[106],"notorious":[109],"distinction":[110],"between":[111],"mede":[112],"mercede":[114],"based":[115],"on":[116,175,196],"categories":[118,194],"formal":[120],"grammatical":[121],"theory":[122],"(C":[123],"III.":[124],"332-406),":[125],"figurae":[127],"are":[131],"drawn":[132],"from":[133,245],"everyday":[134],"human":[135],"living":[136],"but,":[137],"Bible":[143],"inspires":[145],"them,":[146],"come":[147],"endowed":[150],"rich":[152],"spiritual":[153],"meanings.":[154],"In":[155],"contrast":[156],"seventeenth":[159],"century":[160],"metaphysical":[161],"poets,":[162],"figures":[164],"mostly":[165],"avoid":[166],"abstruse":[167],"or":[168,189],"novel":[169],"fields":[170],"erudition":[172],"draw":[174],"fundamental":[177],"features":[178],"bodily":[180],"experience":[181],"heat":[183],"cold,":[185],"wetness":[186],"dryness,":[188],"light":[190],"dark.":[192],"These":[193],"depend":[195],"contact":[198],"our":[199],"five":[200],"senses":[201],"make":[202],"world":[205],"composed":[206],"\u2018Four":[209],"Elements\u2019":[210],"old":[213],"physics":[214],"(earth,":[215],"water,":[216],"air,":[217],"fire);":[219],"but":[220,265,305],"\u2018elementary\u2019":[222,295],"meaning":[225],"give":[227],"it":[228,252],"here":[229,308],"imports,":[230],"much":[232],"this,":[234],"common":[236],"(\u2018shared\u2019":[237],"\u2018ordinary\u2019)":[239],"needs":[240],"actions":[242],"arise":[244],"conditions":[247],"material":[249],"existence.":[250],"Thus":[251],"includes":[253],"not":[254],"only":[255],"hunger":[257],"thirst":[259],"discussed":[260],"my":[262],"earlier":[263],"piece":[264],"whole":[267],"range":[268],"sensory":[270],"experiences,":[271],"provide":[273],"Langland":[274],"chief,":[276],"at":[277],"times":[278],"sole,":[280],"means":[281],"through":[282],"transcendental":[284],"religious":[285],"truths":[286],"communicated.":[289],"Such":[290],"can":[296],"take":[297],"us":[298],"into":[299],"centre":[301],"Plowman,":[304],"begin":[307],"neglected":[311],"\u2018Samaritan\u2019":[312],"episode,":[313],"deploys":[315],"type":[317],"concentrated":[322],"way.3":[323],"refer":[326],"mainly":[327],"B-text":[330],"(the":[331],"version":[332],"Passus":[334],"XIX":[335],"C-text,":[338],"shorter":[339],"by":[340],"some":[341],"twenty":[342],"lines,":[343],"shows":[344],"no":[345],"significant":[346],"differences).4":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}