{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989442767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","title":"Image Classification Based on Conditional Random Fields","display_name":"Image Classification Based on Conditional Random Fields","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989442767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","mag":"1989442767"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128754310","display_name":"Applied Mechanics and Materials","issn_l":"1660-9336","issn":["1660-9336","1662-7482","2297-8941"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317839","host_organization_name":"Trans Tech Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Trans Tech Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Mechanics and Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073265844","display_name":"Yan Xin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-3863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-3863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202028630","display_name":"Changchun Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbhey71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045678255","display_name":"Wen Bo Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202028630","display_name":"Changchun Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbhey71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Bo Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048062411","display_name":"Yun Ji Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202028630","display_name":"Changchun Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbhey71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Ji Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073265844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"556-562","issue":null,"first_page":"4901","last_page":"4905"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.8148999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.8148999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.061000000685453415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.05860000103712082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-fields","display_name":"conditional random fields","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-classification","display_name":"image classification","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"multi-class classification","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-dependence","display_name":"spatial dependence","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"feature extraction","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-means-clustering","display_name":"K-means clustering","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-models","display_name":"discriminative models","score":0.6499999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775953691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013874","display_name":"CRFS","level":3,"score":0.9521217346191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.9196149110794067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7933372855186462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7537662982940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7229575514793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6281741857528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.571549654006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5715435743331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5530399680137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5115011930465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.47151505947113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4648275673389435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.45496636629104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4521872103214264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.44974851608276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4440910220146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2692396640777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128754310","display_name":"Applied Mechanics and Materials","issn_l":"1660-9336","issn":["1660-9336","1662-7482","2297-8941"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317839","host_organization_name":"Trans Tech Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Trans Tech Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Mechanics and Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651266332","https://openalex.org/W2027208705","https://openalex.org/W2147338186","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2166229804","https://openalex.org/W2362241949"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098484595","https://openalex.org/W2126807146","https://openalex.org/W4255278007","https://openalex.org/W2089270299","https://openalex.org/W2605028056","https://openalex.org/W2506598306","https://openalex.org/W201821705","https://openalex.org/W2054178122","https://openalex.org/W2157185114","https://openalex.org/W7097963619"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,77],"use":[1],"Conditional":[2],"Random":[3],"Fields":[4],"(CRFs)":[5],"to":[6,17,33,43,73],"classify":[7,99],"regions":[8],"in":[9,21],"an":[10,22],"image.":[11],"CRFs":[12,42],"provide":[13],"a":[14,34],"discriminative":[15],"framework":[16],"incorporate":[18],"spatial":[19],"dependencies":[20],"image,":[23],"which":[24],"is":[25],"more":[26],"appropriate":[27],"for":[28],"classification":[29,55,79],"tasks":[30],"as":[31],"opposed":[32],"generative":[35],"framework.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"paper":[39],"we":[40,48,96],"apply":[41],"the":[44,54,59,89,94,100],"image":[45],"multi-classification":[46],"task,":[47],"focus":[49],"on":[50,64,71,81],"three":[51],"aspects":[52],"of":[53],"task:":[56],"feature":[57,61,67],"extraction,":[58],"Original":[60],"clustering":[62],"based":[63],"K-means,":[65],"and":[66,88],"vector":[68],"modeling":[69],"base":[70],"CRF":[72],"obtain":[74],"multiclass":[75],"classification.":[76],"present":[78,97],"results":[80,91],"sample":[82],"images":[83,101],"from":[84],"Cambridge":[85],"(MSRC)":[86],"database,":[87],"experimental":[90],"show":[92],"that":[93],"method":[95],"can":[98],"accurately.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
