{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988198580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","title":"The face-sensitive N170 encodes social category information","display_name":"The face-sensitive N170 encodes social category information","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988198580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","mag":"1988198580","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19864961","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3576572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121278948","display_name":"Neuroreport","issn_l":"0959-4965","issn":["0959-4965","1473-558X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroReport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3576572","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005294768","display_name":"Jonathan B. Freeman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-8460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-8460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan B. Freeman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA. jon.freeman@tufts.edu","Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA","to Jonathan B. Freeman, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA. jon.freeman@tufts.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"to Jonathan B. Freeman, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055060173","display_name":"Nalini Ambady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nalini Ambady","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041990405","display_name":"Phillip J. Holcomb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-464X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-464X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip J. Holcomb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005294768"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5812,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88134067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"24","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n170","display_name":"N170","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p1-component","display_name":"P1 component","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-perception","display_name":"face perception","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-encoding","display_name":"structural encoding","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"parallel computing","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-hemisphere","display_name":"right hemisphere","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.7582461833953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6850090026855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5638118982315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5503449440002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161657702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529895","display_name":"Face perception","level":3,"score":0.5402519106864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994561563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social category","level":2,"score":0.4692668318748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.39233094453811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.37088337540626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.35981348156929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2519511580467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.13137364387512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.057064175605773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283320d54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121278948","display_name":"Neuroreport","issn_l":"0959-4965","issn":["0959-4965","1473-558X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NeuroReport","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19864961","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19864961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroreport","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2575512","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3576572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3576572","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3576572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neuroreport","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2575512","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3576572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2123804923","display_name":"The cognitive neuroscience of word comprehension","funder_award_id":"R01HD025889","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G397497619","display_name":"The Neuro-cognition of Word Comprehension","funder_award_id":"R37HD025889","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6967478585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HD 25889","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1659118978","https://openalex.org/W1892402995","https://openalex.org/W1994583327","https://openalex.org/W2008222302","https://openalex.org/W2014102379","https://openalex.org/W2019111214","https://openalex.org/W2064232179","https://openalex.org/W2076259190","https://openalex.org/W2085424929","https://openalex.org/W2109970661","https://openalex.org/W2120822358","https://openalex.org/W2125680649","https://openalex.org/W2132428916","https://openalex.org/W2134305151","https://openalex.org/W2141736659","https://openalex.org/W2143657906","https://openalex.org/W2162756652","https://openalex.org/W2166825179","https://openalex.org/W2237250383","https://openalex.org/W2490458910","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099251614","https://openalex.org/W2143657906","https://openalex.org/W3119374295","https://openalex.org/W3021260770","https://openalex.org/W2086922464","https://openalex.org/W2118555407","https://openalex.org/W2160305611","https://openalex.org/W2985443472","https://openalex.org/W4213224021","https://openalex.org/W6887790745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prominent":[0],"models":[1],"of":[2,9,42,74,97],"face":[3,99],"perception":[4],"posit":[5],"that":[6,23,49,90,105],"the":[7,40,50,72,95],"encoding":[8,16,26,93],"social":[10,24,91],"categories":[11],"begins":[12],"after":[13],"initial":[14],"structural":[15,31,58],"has":[17],"completed.":[18],"In":[19],"contrast,":[20],"we":[21],"hypothesized":[22],"category":[25,92],"may":[27,107],"occur":[28],"simultaneously":[29],"with":[30],"encoding.":[32],"While":[33],"event-related":[34],"potentials":[35],"were":[36],"recorded,":[37],"participants":[38],"categorized":[39],"sex":[41],"sex-typical":[43,63,85],"and":[44,94],"sex-atypical":[45,66],"faces.":[46,67,86],"Results":[47],"indicated":[48],"face-sensitive":[51],"right":[52,78],"N170,":[53],"a":[54,111],"component":[55,80],"involved":[56],"in":[57,102],"encoding,":[59],"was":[60],"larger":[61],"for":[62,84],"relative":[64],"to":[65],"Moreover,":[68],"its":[69],"amplitude":[70],"predicted":[71],"efficiency":[73],"sex-category":[75],"judgments.":[76],"The":[77],"P1":[79],"also":[81],"peaked":[82],"earlier":[83],"These":[87],"findings":[88],"show":[89],"extraction":[96],"lower-level":[98],"information":[100],"operate":[101],"parallel,":[103],"suggesting":[104],"they":[106],"be":[108],"accomplished":[109],"by":[110],"single":[112],"dynamic":[113],"process":[114],"rather":[115],"than":[116],"two":[117],"separate":[118],"mechanisms.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
