{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987389976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","title":"Drug development for orphan diseases in the context of personalized medicine","display_name":"Drug development for orphan diseases in the context of personalized medicine","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987389976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","mag":"1987389976","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19931198"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122935314","display_name":"Translational research","issn_l":"1878-1810","issn":["1878-1810","1931-5244"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110283081","display_name":"George J. Brewer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George J. Brewer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48109-0534, USA. brewergj@umich.edu","Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich","Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48109-0534, USA. brewergj@umich.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110283081"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"],"apc_list":{"value":4690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74909091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"154","issue":"6","first_page":"314","last_page":"322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9599999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9599999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11649","display_name":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13417","display_name":"Biomedical Ethics and Regulation","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-diseases","display_name":"rare diseases","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphan-drugs","display_name":"orphan drugs","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-development","display_name":"drug development","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-medicine","display_name":"personalized medicine","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphan-drug-act","display_name":"Orphan Drug Act","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphan-drug-legislation","display_name":"orphan drug legislation","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-industry-incentives","display_name":"pharmaceutical industry incentives","score":0.7080000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75480439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367466","display_name":"Orphan drug","level":2,"score":0.9758855104446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6971039175987244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5956512689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.4750414192676544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64903051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2198549","display_name":"Drug development","level":3,"score":0.4513779878616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779652045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507443","display_name":"Pharmaceutical industry","level":2,"score":0.4256021976470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4150407910346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.31822752952575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.29127174615859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.1983792781829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.09727796912193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009316","descriptor_name":"National Institutes of Health (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014486","descriptor_name":"United States Food and Drug Administration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015195","descriptor_name":"Drug Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035583","descriptor_name":"Rare Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057285","descriptor_name":"Precision Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2009.03.008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122935314","display_name":"Translational research","issn_l":"1878-1810","issn":["1878-1810","1931-5244"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19931198","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19931198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71689722","https://openalex.org/W120834673","https://openalex.org/W144276703","https://openalex.org/W630700120","https://openalex.org/W644298013","https://openalex.org/W1605353467","https://openalex.org/W1969194948","https://openalex.org/W1969895675","https://openalex.org/W1984540967","https://openalex.org/W1985581073","https://openalex.org/W1994457505","https://openalex.org/W2005784970","https://openalex.org/W2013919317","https://openalex.org/W2014171788","https://openalex.org/W2016325045","https://openalex.org/W2018239192","https://openalex.org/W2020777230","https://openalex.org/W2021241342","https://openalex.org/W2021901003","https://openalex.org/W2023316714","https://openalex.org/W2023411819","https://openalex.org/W2023573264","https://openalex.org/W2038987046","https://openalex.org/W2057645353","https://openalex.org/W2066905958","https://openalex.org/W2074605066","https://openalex.org/W2079677033","https://openalex.org/W2080545065","https://openalex.org/W2085863137","https://openalex.org/W2091290489","https://openalex.org/W2106059645","https://openalex.org/W2110697645","https://openalex.org/W2111623550","https://openalex.org/W2118775158","https://openalex.org/W2125848406","https://openalex.org/W2127872494","https://openalex.org/W2151909535","https://openalex.org/W2412946701","https://openalex.org/W2419495873","https://openalex.org/W2461446764","https://openalex.org/W2520382356","https://openalex.org/W3145246212","https://openalex.org/W4254294059","https://openalex.org/W6669959869","https://openalex.org/W6825895537"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2322998113","https://openalex.org/W2484856523","https://openalex.org/W2003470122","https://openalex.org/W4395017104","https://openalex.org/W4322500934","https://openalex.org/W2794064113","https://openalex.org/W2986420578","https://openalex.org/W2797364119","https://openalex.org/W4214716003","https://openalex.org/W1513116330"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}