{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987142134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","title":"Risk and the Neoliberal State: Why Post\u2010Mitch Lessons Didn't Reduce El Salvador's Earthquake Losses","display_name":"Risk and the Neoliberal State: Why Post\u2010Mitch Lessons Didn't Reduce El Salvador's Earthquake Losses","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987142134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","mag":"1987142134","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11570338"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-7717.00176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172483627","display_name":"Disasters","issn_l":"0361-3666","issn":["0361-3666","1467-7717"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Disasters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019101771","display_name":"Ben Wisner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70571728","display_name":"Oberlin College","ror":"https://ror.org/05ac26z88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Wisner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Studies Program, Oberlin College, USA. bwisner@igc.org","Environmental Studies Program, Oberlin College, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Studies Program, Oberlin College, USA. bwisner@igc.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Studies Program, Oberlin College, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019101771"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"],"apc_list":{"value":3730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3730},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.0924,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98447378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"251","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10747","display_name":"Disaster Management and Resilience","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10747","display_name":"Disaster Management and Resilience","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13800","display_name":"Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hurricane-mitch","display_name":"Hurricane Mitch","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-disaster-recovery-planning","display_name":"post-disaster recovery planning","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-risk-reduction","display_name":"disaster risk reduction","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neoliberalism","display_name":"neoliberalism","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neoliberal-state","display_name":"neoliberal state","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-mitigation","display_name":"disaster mitigation","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-marginality","display_name":"political marginality","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-marginality","display_name":"economic marginality","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-degradation","display_name":"environmental degradation","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-war-legacy","display_name":"civil war legacy","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-conflict-reconstruction","display_name":"post-conflict reconstruction","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-aid","display_name":"foreign aid","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lessons-learned","display_name":"lessons learned","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5406913161277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5270916223526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1370556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81009","display_name":"Rhetoric","level":2,"score":0.5136412978172302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4878213703632355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.463906466960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.459816038608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.44227537512779236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62555980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460420","display_name":"Emergency management","level":2,"score":0.42377400398254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4159896969795227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.39196720719337463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22794750332832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2165406048297882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.17090260982513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12344217300415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12334394454956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08150780200958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004189","descriptor_name":"Disaster Planning","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004190","descriptor_name":"Disasters","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004544","descriptor_name":"El Salvador","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011640","descriptor_name":"Public Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012066","descriptor_name":"Relief Work","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012924","descriptor_name":"Social Conditions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012939","descriptor_name":"Social Planning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-7717.00176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7717.00176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172483627","display_name":"Disasters","issn_l":"0361-3666","issn":["0361-3666","1467-7717"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Disasters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11570338","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11570338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Disasters","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307862","display_name":"Inter-American Development Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/02gjn4306"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W646000504","https://openalex.org/W1531339571","https://openalex.org/W1737005801","https://openalex.org/W2010208749","https://openalex.org/W2058329721","https://openalex.org/W2074005045","https://openalex.org/W2074821298","https://openalex.org/W2094526194","https://openalex.org/W2608357037","https://openalex.org/W2758432235","https://openalex.org/W3026433530","https://openalex.org/W3147805086","https://openalex.org/W4246751236","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245662225","https://openalex.org/W2005742731","https://openalex.org/W2091673238","https://openalex.org/W7028461321","https://openalex.org/W2399807383","https://openalex.org/W7000202771","https://openalex.org/W7097932387","https://openalex.org/W928041938","https://openalex.org/W2598661860","https://openalex.org/W1782461845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"El":[1,33,69,164],"Salvador":[2,34,70,165],"suffered":[3],"light":[4],"losses":[5],"from":[6,13],"Hurricane":[7],"Mitch":[8],"in":[9,38,83,100,115,181],"1998,":[10],"it":[11,122],"benefited":[12],"the":[14,56,63,68,73,81,87,103,107,118,131,139,147,158,161,176],"increased":[15],"international":[16],"aid":[17],"and":[18,25,52,94,106,133,141,152,175,179,188],"encouragement":[19],"for":[20,146],"advance":[21],"planning,":[22],"especially":[23],"mitigation":[24,93,151],"prevention":[26,95],"interventions.":[27],"Thus,":[28],"one":[29],"would":[30,35],"have":[31,36],"supposed,":[32],"been":[37,98],"a":[39,182,186],"very":[40,91],"advantageous":[41],"position,":[42],"able":[43],"more":[44],"easily":[45],"than":[46],"its":[47],"economically":[48],"crippled":[49],"neighbours,":[50],"Honduras":[51],"Nicaragua,":[53],"to":[54,120,149,157,166],"implement":[55,150],"'lessons":[57],"of":[58,62,75,85,89,117,127,136,138,163,170],"Mitch'.":[59],"A":[60],"review":[61],"recovery":[64,111],"plan":[65,112],"tabled":[66],"by":[67,160],"government":[71,162],"following":[72],"earthquakes":[74,108],"early":[76],"2001":[77],"shows":[78],"that":[79,184],"despite":[80],"rhetoric":[82],"favour":[84],"'learning":[86],"lessons":[88],"Mitch',":[90],"little":[92],"had":[96],"actually":[97],"put":[99],"place":[101],"between":[102],"hurricane":[104],"(1998)":[105],"(2001).":[109],"The":[110],"is":[113,155],"analysed":[114],"terms":[116],"degree":[119],"which":[121],"deals":[123],"with":[124],"root":[125],"causes":[126],"disaster":[128],"vulnerability,":[129],"namely,":[130],"economic":[132],"political":[134],"marginality":[135],"much":[137],"population":[140],"environmental":[142],"degradation.":[143],"An":[144],"explanation":[145],"failure":[148],"preventive":[153],"actions":[154],"traced":[156],"adherence":[159],"an":[167],"extreme":[168],"form":[169],"neoliberal,":[171],"free":[172],"market":[173],"ideology,":[174],"deep":[177],"fissures":[178],"mistrust":[180],"country":[183],"follow":[185],"long":[187],"bloody":[189],"civil":[190],"war.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
