{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986388159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","title":"Can physics develop reasoning?","display_name":"Can physics develop reasoning?","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986388159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","mag":"1986388159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.3037409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180907581","display_name":"Physics Today","issn_l":"0031-9228","issn":["0031-9228","1945-0699"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Today","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109114939","display_name":"Robert G. Fuller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert G. Fuller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074651726","display_name":"Robert Karplus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Karplus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103475617","display_name":"Anton E. Lawson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton E. Lawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Hall of Science, University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":49.4351,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9982794,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"23","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9384999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9384999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13600","display_name":"Science Education and Perceptions","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics-reasoning","display_name":"physics reasoning","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-reasoning","display_name":"scientific reasoning","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-logic","display_name":"propositional logic","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proportional-reasoning","display_name":"proportional reasoning","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"feature selection","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics-education","display_name":"physics education","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780146352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169470","display_name":"Physicist","level":2,"score":0.5353503823280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172227984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400397","display_name":"Barrel (horology)","level":2,"score":0.5085481405258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49688032269477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.49584946036338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.47161367535591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46690303087234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200694","display_name":"Propositional calculus","level":2,"score":0.4649478495121002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4487780034542084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.4384792149066925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28249144554138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26462942361831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.17413827776908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13320854306221008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12898951768875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11702361702919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.10569027066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.09193962812423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.3037409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3037409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180907581","display_name":"Physics Today","issn_l":"0031-9228","issn":["0031-9228","1945-0699"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Today","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:compadre.org:11975","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicsfuller/31/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400571","display_name":"The Physics Video Demonstration Database (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Reference Material"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:physicsfuller-1030","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicsfuller/31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robert G. Fuller Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043832902","https://openalex.org/W2050094209","https://openalex.org/W2057260506","https://openalex.org/W2061796597","https://openalex.org/W2064507004","https://openalex.org/W2083599969","https://openalex.org/W2138815112","https://openalex.org/W2318740210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2281893751","https://openalex.org/W4396956184","https://openalex.org/W3152814148","https://openalex.org/W3041817444","https://openalex.org/W1539028877","https://openalex.org/W399910483","https://openalex.org/W6885090235","https://openalex.org/W4244829463","https://openalex.org/W6987685874","https://openalex.org/W3174892136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"life":[1],"of":[2,31,91,110],"every":[3],"physicist":[4],"is":[5,21,95],"punctuated":[6],"by":[7],"events":[8],"that":[9,14,56],"lead":[10],"him":[11],"to":[12,34,97],"discover":[13],"the":[15,24,49,54,58,62,107],"way":[16,25],"physicists":[17,39],"see":[18,27],"natural":[19],"phenomena":[20],"different":[22],"from":[23,118],"nonphysicists":[26],"them.":[28],"Certain":[29],"patterns":[30],"reasoning":[32,104],"appear":[33],"be":[35],"more":[36],"common":[37],"among":[38],"than":[40,61],"in":[41],"other":[42],"groups.":[43],"These":[44],"include:":[45],"\u25b8":[46,69,102],"focussing":[47],"on":[48,66],"important":[50],"variables":[51],"(such":[52],"as":[53],"force":[55,109],"accelerates":[57],"apple,":[59],"rather":[60],"lump":[63],"it":[64,77],"makes":[65],"your":[67],"head);":[68],"propositional":[70],"logic":[71],"(\u201cif":[72],"heat":[73],"were":[74],"a":[75,82,88,111],"liquid":[76],"would":[78],"occupy":[79],"space":[80],"and":[81,101],"cannon":[83],"barrel":[84],"could":[85],"only":[86],"contain":[87],"limited":[89],"amount":[90],"heat,":[92],"but":[93],"this":[94],"contrary":[96],"my":[98],"observations,":[99],"so\u2026\u201d),":[100],"proportional":[103],"(for":[105],"example,":[106],"restoring":[108],"spring":[112],"increases":[113],"linearly":[114],"with":[115],"its":[116],"displacement":[117],"equilibrium).":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}