{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986372844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","title":"Self-reported Racial Discrimination in Health Care and Diabetes Outcomes","display_name":"Self-reported Racial Discrimination in Health Care and Diabetes Outcomes","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986372844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","mag":"1986372844","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21478770","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3339627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79233773","display_name":"Medical Care","issn_l":"0025-7079","issn":["0025-7079","1537-1948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-3","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3339627","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007272939","display_name":"Monica E. Peek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0434-7231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0434-7231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monica E. Peek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL, USA. mpeek@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu","Center for Health and Social Sciences","Center for the Study of Race, Politics and Culture","Diabetes","MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL, USA. mpeek@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health and Social Sciences","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for the Study of Race, Politics and Culture","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diabetes","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048911601","display_name":"Julie Ann Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-8940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-8940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut, City, Farmington, CT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut, City, Farmington, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083564415","display_name":"Hui Nee Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-6623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-6623"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health and Social Sciences","Diabetes"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health and Social Sciences","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diabetes","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084491445","display_name":"Dustyn C. Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dustyn C. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063279963","display_name":"Marshall H. Chin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-5641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-5641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marshall H. Chin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health and Social Sciences","Diabetes","MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health and Social Sciences","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diabetes","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007272939","https://openalex.org/A5063279963","https://openalex.org/A5084491445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9636814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"7","first_page":"618","last_page":"625"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.7768999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.7768999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":0.10279999673366547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.0803999975323677,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism-in-healthcare","display_name":"racism in healthcare","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-outcomes","display_name":"diabetes outcomes","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-complications","display_name":"diabetes complications","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-self-management","display_name":"diabetes self-management","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-diabetes-care","display_name":"diabetes care quality","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c-testing","display_name":"HbA1c testing","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-factors","display_name":"sociodemographic factors","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurance-status","display_name":"insurance status","score":0.4390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8022761344909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777126965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880710","display_name":"Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System","level":3,"score":0.7322995066642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.7197323441505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6686892509460449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6335455179214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.6310287117958069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5756655931472778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.42107194662094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3856688141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.37990397214889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.24187898635864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.18459761142730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.18022876977920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003941","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005006","descriptor_name":"Ethnicity","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006304","descriptor_name":"Health Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007348","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011287","descriptor_name":"Prejudice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011787","descriptor_name":"Quality of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012648","descriptor_name":"Self Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019458","descriptor_name":"Insurance Coverage","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040343","descriptor_name":"Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044469","descriptor_name":"Racial Groups","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D048909","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057566","descriptor_name":"Self Report","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e318215d925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79233773","display_name":"Medical Care","issn_l":"0025-7079","issn":["0025-7079","1537-1948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-3","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21478770","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21478770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical care","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3339627","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3339627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med Care","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3339627","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3339627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med Care","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4036191802","display_name":"Research and Mentorship in Improving Diabetes Care","funder_award_id":"K24DK071933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6737582558","display_name":"The Impact of Shared Decision-Making among African-Americans with Diabetes","funder_award_id":"K23DK075006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8011234617","display_name":"Diabetes Research and Training Center","funder_award_id":"P60DK020595","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8794597392","display_name":"Behavioral and Physiological Responses to Race-Related Stress in Diabetic Women","funder_award_id":"R21DK074468","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482422685","https://openalex.org/W1918881530","https://openalex.org/W1975404309","https://openalex.org/W1986567484","https://openalex.org/W1986694300","https://openalex.org/W1989890702","https://openalex.org/W1996502045","https://openalex.org/W1999370412","https://openalex.org/W2000281073","https://openalex.org/W2001371486","https://openalex.org/W2004079143","https://openalex.org/W2005407213","https://openalex.org/W2010266513","https://openalex.org/W2012869916","https://openalex.org/W2018955353","https://openalex.org/W2023144503","https://openalex.org/W2030143974","https://openalex.org/W2031323884","https://openalex.org/W2040729219","https://openalex.org/W2047017127","https://openalex.org/W2056527160","https://openalex.org/W2060824655","https://openalex.org/W2073126534","https://openalex.org/W2080435434","https://openalex.org/W2083348057","https://openalex.org/W2106073984","https://openalex.org/W2114743735","https://openalex.org/W2119981994","https://openalex.org/W2125686144","https://openalex.org/W2125948774","https://openalex.org/W2127591384","https://openalex.org/W2133564398","https://openalex.org/W2152139345","https://openalex.org/W2153283646","https://openalex.org/W2160753457","https://openalex.org/W2329069429","https://openalex.org/W2334787351","https://openalex.org/W2341322068","https://openalex.org/W2473931794","https://openalex.org/W2596624061","https://openalex.org/W3124417898","https://openalex.org/W4253771664"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160753457","https://openalex.org/W2029160879","https://openalex.org/W2030143974","https://openalex.org/W2127137525","https://openalex.org/W7006086384","https://openalex.org/W2038772893","https://openalex.org/W2098402493","https://openalex.org/W2155690261","https://openalex.org/W4414081996","https://openalex.org/W2113190612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Self-reported":[1,165],"racial":[2],"discrimination":[3,40,68,149,167,203],"in":[4,168,237],"healthcare":[5,39,67,169],"has":[6],"been":[7],"associated":[8,171],"with":[9,20,172],"negative":[10],"health":[11,106,158,213,228,240,252],"outcomes,":[12],"but":[13,121,180],"little":[14],"is":[15,247],"known":[16],"about":[17],"its":[18],"association":[19],"diabetes":[21,44,131,141,174,178,205,239],"outcomes.":[22,198],"METHODS:":[23],"We":[24],"used":[25],"data":[26],"from":[27],"the":[28,42,123,193],"Behavioral":[29],"Risk":[30],"Factor":[31],"Surveillance":[32],"System":[33],"to":[34,162,217,249],"investigate":[35],"associations":[36,62],"between":[37,65,201],"self-reported":[38,66,148,202],"and":[41,52,69,95,105,115,160,176,204,215,242],"following":[43],"outcomes:":[45],"(1)":[46],"quality":[47,73],"of":[48,72,74,125,147,196],"care,":[49],"(2)":[50],"self-management":[51,132],"(3)":[53],"complications.":[54],"RESULTS:":[55],"In":[56],"unadjusted":[57],"logistic":[58],"regression":[59],"models,":[60],"significant":[61],"were":[63,150,207],"found":[64],"most":[70],"measures":[71],"care":[75,78,175],"[diabetes-related":[76],"primary":[77],"visits":[79],"odds":[80],"ratio":[81],"(OR),":[82],"0.38;":[83],"95%":[84,102],"confidence":[85],"interval":[86,99],"(CI),":[87],"0.21-0.66),":[88],"HbA1c":[89],"testing":[90],"(OR,":[91,100,110,117],"0.42;":[92],"95%CI,":[93,119],"0.21-0.82),":[94],"earlier":[96],"eye":[97],"examination":[98],"0.48;":[101],"CI,":[103],"0.24-0.93)]":[104],"outcomes":[107,206],"[foot":[108],"disorders":[109],"2.32,":[111],"95%CI:":[112],"1.15,":[113],"4.68)":[114],"retinopathy":[116],"2.26;":[118],"1.24-4.12)],":[120],"not":[122,181],"number":[124],"provider":[126],"foot":[127,138],"examinations":[128],"(P=0.48)":[129],"or":[130,152,233],"(self":[133],"glucose":[134],"monitoring,":[135],"P=0.42;":[136],"self":[137],"examinations,":[139],"P=0.74;":[140],"class":[142],"participation,":[143],"P=0.37).":[144],"The":[145,199],"effects":[146],"attenuated":[151],"eliminated":[153,208],"after":[154],"controlling":[155],"for":[156,211],"sociodemographics,":[157,212],"status,":[159,214],"access":[161,216],"care.":[163,218],"CONCLUSIONS:":[164],"racial/ethnic":[166],"was":[170],"worse":[173],"more":[177,234],"complications,":[179],"self-care":[182],"behaviors,":[183],"suggesting":[184],"that":[185,222,243],"factors":[186,224],"beyond":[187],"patients'":[188],"own":[189],"behaviors":[190],"may":[191,230],"be":[192],"main":[194],"source":[195],"differential":[197],"relationships":[200],"once":[209],"adjusting":[210],"Our":[219],"findings":[220],"suggest":[221],"other":[223],"(ie,":[225],"race,":[226],"insurance,":[227],"status)":[229],"play":[231],"equally":[232],"important":[235],"roles":[236],"determining":[238],"disparities,":[241],"a":[244],"comprehensive":[245],"strategy":[246],"needed":[248],"effectively":[250],"address":[251],"disparities.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
