{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986320227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","title":"A simple error estimation method for linear-regression-based thermal sharpening techniques with the consideration of scale difference","display_name":"A simple error estimation method for linear-regression-based thermal sharpening techniques with the consideration of scale difference","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986320227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","mag":"1986320227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36798160","display_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","issn_l":"1009-5020","issn":["1009-5020","1993-5153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546?needAccess=true&role=button","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101742037","display_name":"Xuehong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-8649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-8649","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-9253"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768099","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/050mxte83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuehong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451406","display_name":"Wentao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5367-3482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5367-3482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768099","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/050mxte83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089564180","display_name":"Jin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-4141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-4141","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-6687"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768099","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/050mxte83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001957429","display_name":"Wenfeng Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7487-821X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7487-821X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenfeng Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, International Institute of Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, International Institute of Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035167715","display_name":"Yuhan Douglas Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-3403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-3403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768099","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/050mxte83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089564180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4391768099"],"apc_list":{"value":1625,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1993},"apc_paid":{"value":1625,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1993},"fwci":0.7975,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84314159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"54","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.7401999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.7401999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.05649999901652336,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.027400000020861626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-estimation","display_name":"error estimation","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-regression","display_name":"linear regression","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-differences","display_name":"scale differences","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-surface-temperature","display_name":"land surface temperature","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-infrared-imagery","display_name":"thermal infrared imagery","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-resolution-enhancement","display_name":"spatial resolution enhancement","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution-gap","display_name":"resolution gap","score":0.8519999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781137444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237105","display_name":"Sharpening","level":2,"score":0.7685406804084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6314640045166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.5393031239509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4705154001712799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.4648439288139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4334399402141571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4311668872833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.4198005795478821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41666823625564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.41327711939811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3583780527114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30688658356666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3040929436683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08844488859176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36798160","display_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","issn_l":"1009-5020","issn":["1009-5020","1993-5153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10095020.2014.889546?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36798160","display_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","issn_l":"1009-5020","issn":["1009-5020","1993-5153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geo-spatial Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4916556155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013-RC-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323659","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323659","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1986320227.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1986320227.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W582564313","https://openalex.org/W1976138515","https://openalex.org/W1983407123","https://openalex.org/W1990330790","https://openalex.org/W1998943937","https://openalex.org/W2014630223","https://openalex.org/W2018112660","https://openalex.org/W2024424774","https://openalex.org/W2037346230","https://openalex.org/W2048995275","https://openalex.org/W2056436675","https://openalex.org/W2090662578","https://openalex.org/W2116327754","https://openalex.org/W2119130463","https://openalex.org/W2119204870","https://openalex.org/W2125884013","https://openalex.org/W2338669361","https://openalex.org/W2795536332","https://openalex.org/W3016133651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790302438","https://openalex.org/W2088850108","https://openalex.org/W2765397560","https://openalex.org/W7208138211","https://openalex.org/W2906113006","https://openalex.org/W1983154923","https://openalex.org/W3137031035","https://openalex.org/W2979223163","https://openalex.org/W1983407123","https://openalex.org/W7100670745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thermal":[0],"remote":[1],"sensing":[2],"imagery":[3,52,83],"is":[4,22,63,84,126],"helpful":[5],"for":[6,45,107],"land":[7,57],"cover":[8],"classification":[9],"and":[10,86,123,203],"related":[11],"analysis.":[12],"Unfortunately,":[13],"the":[14,47,51,67,78,87,108,116,120,142,145,160,175,179,189,196,201,211],"spatial":[15,48],"resolution":[16,49,122,125,198],"of":[17,27,50,53,70,144,166],"thermal":[18,38],"infrared":[19],"(TIR)":[20],"band":[21,55],"generally":[23],"coarser":[24],"than":[25,184],"that":[26,77,174,191],"visual":[28],"near-infrared":[29],"band,":[30],"which":[31,75,148],"limits":[32],"its":[33],"more":[34,182],"precise":[35],"applications.":[36],"Various":[37],"sharpening":[39],"(TSP)":[40],"techniques":[41,111],"have":[42],"been":[43],"developed":[44,135],"improving":[46],"TIR":[54],"or":[56],"surface":[58],"temperature":[59],"(LST).":[60],"However,":[61,115],"there":[62],"no":[64],"research":[65],"on":[66,102],"theoretical":[68],"estimation":[69,99,139],"TSP":[71,110,171,180,192],"error":[72,79,98,138,181,193],"till":[73],"now,":[74],"implies":[76],"in":[80,129],"sharpened":[81],"LST":[82],"unknown":[85],"further":[88,134],"analysis":[89],"might":[90],"be":[91,207],"not":[92,127],"reliable.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95,130],"paper,":[96],"an":[97,136],"method":[100,140,177],"based":[101],"classical":[103,185],"linear":[104],"regression":[105,186],"theory":[106],"linear-regression-based":[109],"was":[112],"firstly":[113],"introduced.":[114],"scale":[117,146,161],"difference":[118],"between":[119,200],"coarse":[121],"fine":[124],"considered":[128],"method.":[131,213],"Therefore,":[132],"we":[133],"improved":[137,176],"with":[141,195],"consideration":[143],"difference,":[147],"employs":[149],"a":[150],"novel":[151],"term":[152],"named":[153],"equivalent":[154],"random":[155],"sample":[156],"size":[157],"to":[158],"reflect":[159],"difference.":[162],"A":[163],"simulation":[164],"study":[165],"modified":[167],"TsHARP":[168],"(a":[169],"typical":[170],"technique)":[172],"shows":[173],"estimated":[178],"accurately":[183],"theory.":[187],"Especially,":[188],"phenomena":[190],"increases":[194],"increasing":[197],"gap":[199],"initial":[202],"target":[204],"resolutions":[205],"can":[206],"successfully":[208],"predicted":[209],"by":[210],"proposed":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}