{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986307362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","title":"Comparison of two methods of screening for genital chlamydial infection in women attending in general practice: cross sectional survey","display_name":"Comparison of two methods of screening for genital chlamydial infection in women attending in general practice: cross sectional survey","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986307362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","mag":"1986307362","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9253271","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2127176"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2127176","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059799717","display_name":"Lucia Grun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucia Grun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School","Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097690967","display_name":"J. Tassano-Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801138448","display_name":"The Royal Free Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248724","https://openalex.org/I2801138448"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802576581","display_name":"Whittington Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckbq028","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I4210129898"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Tassano-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801138448","https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085434126","display_name":"Caroline Carder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Carder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospitals Trust, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospitals Trust, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anne M Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne M Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112173658","display_name":"Angela J. Robinson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061227329","display_name":"Elizabeth Murray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8932-3695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8932-3695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801138448","display_name":"The Royal Free Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248724","https://openalex.org/I2801138448"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802576581","display_name":"Whittington Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckbq028","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I4210129898"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Murray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801138448","https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010637325","display_name":"Judith Stephenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-0881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-0881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Stephenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080652975","display_name":"Andy Haines","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8053-4605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8053-4605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801138448","display_name":"The Royal Free Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248724","https://openalex.org/I2801138448"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802576581","display_name":"Whittington Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckbq028","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I4210129898"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Haines","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, UCLMS and Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Whittington Hospital, London N19 5NF","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801138448","https://openalex.org/I2802576581","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051037765","display_name":"Andrew J Copas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-5963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-5963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Copas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113603613","display_name":"Geoffrey L Ridgway","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey Ridgway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospitals Trust, London WC1E 6AU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, University College London Hospitals Trust, London WC1E 6AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4329,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97699304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"315","issue":"7102","first_page":"226","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12167","display_name":"Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1308","display_name":"Clinical Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlamydia-trachomatis","display_name":"Chlamydia trachomatis","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlamydia","display_name":"chlamydia","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening","display_name":"screening","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ligase-chain-reaction","display_name":"ligase chain reaction","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-immunoassay","display_name":"enzyme immunoassay","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-samples","display_name":"urine samples","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endocervical-specimens","display_name":"endocervical specimens","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptomatic-infection","display_name":"asymptomatic infection","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-women","display_name":"young women","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-practice","display_name":"general practice","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pelvic-inflammatory-disease","display_name":"pelvic inflammatory disease","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-based-screening","display_name":"community-based screening","score":0.7110000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47558249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422343","display_name":"Ligase chain reaction","level":5,"score":0.9027552604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.807475209236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131065","display_name":"Chlamydia trachomatis","level":2,"score":0.7719632387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780420688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759183","display_name":"Immunoassay","level":3,"score":0.7077174782752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.6140561699867249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.610034704208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5875535011291504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5168824195861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.4777902066707611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.46150970458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780122209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153356","display_name":"Chlamydia","level":2,"score":0.4348015785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.41754862666130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.38006216287612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.3711613416671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49105822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996","display_name":"Polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.35688871145248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.33222833275794983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.14922857284545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.13391757011413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.12902691960334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1018502414226532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90583042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952456","display_name":"Multiplex polymerase chain reaction","level":4,"score":0.06606096029281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002690","descriptor_name":"Chlamydia Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002690","descriptor_name":"Chlamydia Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002690","descriptor_name":"Chlamydia Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002692","descriptor_name":"Chlamydia trachomatis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005194","descriptor_name":"Family Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008025","descriptor_name":"Ligases","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012725","descriptor_name":"Sexual Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014626","descriptor_name":"Vaginal Smears","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7102.226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2127176","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2127176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:9253271","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9253271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1435849","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1435849/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"British Medical Journal , 315 (7102) pp. 226-230. (1997)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:145014","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/145014/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BRIT MED J , 315 (7102) 226 - 230. (1997)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2127176","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2127176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13067628","https://openalex.org/W93044663","https://openalex.org/W1549090036","https://openalex.org/W1973738458","https://openalex.org/W1976785656","https://openalex.org/W1976823083","https://openalex.org/W1984713857","https://openalex.org/W1987973949","https://openalex.org/W1991950317","https://openalex.org/W2007899427","https://openalex.org/W2029878712","https://openalex.org/W2032570855","https://openalex.org/W2053330650","https://openalex.org/W2059669772","https://openalex.org/W2062041286","https://openalex.org/W2065783816","https://openalex.org/W2066163188","https://openalex.org/W2071368365","https://openalex.org/W2142781193","https://openalex.org/W2145496674","https://openalex.org/W2154356480","https://openalex.org/W2316327782","https://openalex.org/W2323373471","https://openalex.org/W2409850498","https://openalex.org/W4236568029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145496674","https://openalex.org/W1769653038","https://openalex.org/W2169014595","https://openalex.org/W2170942419","https://openalex.org/W2114769420","https://openalex.org/W2270652576","https://openalex.org/W2189439109","https://openalex.org/W2011710308","https://openalex.org/W2008053965","https://openalex.org/W2058049653"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objectives:":[1],"To":[2],"estimate":[3],"the":[4,17,20,104,136,158,191,320,331],"prevalence":[5,222],"of":[6,19,95,106,112,120,138,149,154,160,199,248,255,290,330,334],"Chlamydia":[7,264],"trachomatis":[8,76,97,265],"in":[9,42,99,115,131,190,219,288,295],"asymptomatic":[10,275],"women":[11,47,71,100,177,182,292,297],"attending":[12,51,301],"general":[13,40,52,302],"practice;":[14],"to":[15,29,129,144,167,244,279],"assess":[16],"potential":[18,226],"ligase":[21,84,161],"chain":[22,85,162,203],"reaction":[23,86,163,204],"as":[24,211,213,227],"a":[25,55,59,147,152,228,251,267,315,339],"screening":[26,32,230,235,257,309,325,336],"tool;":[27],"and":[28,67,83,110,151,172,180,240,285],"evaluate":[30],"selective":[31,234],"criteria.":[33],"Design:":[34],"Cross":[35],"sectional":[36],"survey.":[37],"Setting:":[38],"Four":[39],"practices":[41],"northeast":[43],"London.":[44],"Subjects:":[45],"890":[46],"aged":[48,101,178,298],"18-35":[49,102],"years":[50,300],"practice":[53,303],"for":[54,74,322,326],"cervical":[56,217,316],"smear":[57],"or":[58,187],"\u201cyoung":[60],"well":[61,212],"woman\u201d":[62],"check":[63],"between":[64],"October":[65],"1994":[66],"January":[68],"1996.":[69],"The":[70],"were":[72],"tested":[73],"C":[75,96],"with":[77,146,169],"confirmed":[78,121],"enzyme":[79,139,214],"immunoassay":[80,140,215],"(endocervical":[81],"specimens)":[82],"assay":[87],"on":[88,103,135,157,205,216],"urine":[89,206],"specimens.":[90],"Main":[91],"outcome":[92],"measures:":[93],"Prevalence":[94,119,134,156],"infection":[98,122,307],"basis":[105,137,159],"each":[107],"test;":[108],"sensitivity":[109,148,171],"specificity":[111,153],"both":[113],"tests":[114,310],"this":[116,220],"population.":[117,223],"Results:":[118],"was":[123,141,164],"2.6%":[124],"(95%":[125],"confidence":[126],"interval":[127],"1.6%":[128,142],"3.6%)":[130],"all":[132,176,181],"women.":[133],"(0.8%":[143],"2.7%),":[145],"60%":[150],"100%.":[155],"2.5%":[165],"(1.5%":[166],"3.9%),":[168],"90%":[170],"99.8%":[173],"specificity.":[174],"Screening":[175],"\u226425":[179],"who":[183],"had":[184,185],"two":[186],"more":[188],"partners":[189],"past":[192],"year":[193],"would":[194,241],"have":[195,305],"detected":[196],"87%":[197],"(20/23)":[198],"infections.":[200],"Conclusion:":[201],"Ligase":[202],"samples":[207],"performs":[208],"at":[209],"least":[210],"specimens":[218],"low":[221],"It":[224],"offers":[225],"non-invasive":[229],"tool.":[231],"A":[232],"simple":[233],"strategy":[236],"might":[237],"be":[238,242],"appropriate":[239],"able":[243],"detect":[245],"most":[246],"cases":[247],"infection.":[249],"However,":[250],"rigorous":[252],"economic":[253],"evaluation":[254,329],"possible":[256],"strategies":[258],"is":[259,273,337],"needed":[260],"first.":[261],"Key":[262],"messages":[263],"causes":[266],"common":[268],"sexually":[269],"transmitted":[270],"infection,":[271],"which":[272],"often":[274],"but":[276],"may":[277,304],"lead":[278],"pelvic":[280],"inflammatory":[281],"disease,":[282],"ectopic":[283],"pregnancy,":[284],"tubal":[286],"infertility":[287],"10%-25%":[289],"infected":[291],"Over":[293],"1":[294],"20":[296],"18-25":[299],"undiagnosed":[306],"New":[308],"that":[311],"do":[312],"not":[313],"require":[314],"sample":[317],"should":[318],"improve":[319],"prospects":[321],"community":[323],"based":[324],"chlamydia":[327],"Rigorous":[328],"cost":[332],"effectiveness":[333],"such":[335],"now":[338],"priority":[340]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}