{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986242571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","title":"Vitamin B12 deficiency","display_name":"Vitamin B12 deficiency","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986242571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","mag":"1986242571","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25189324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.g5226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917726","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"1756-1833","issn":["1756-1833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A. Hunt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298207432","display_name":"Guy's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04r33pf22","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805","https://openalex.org/I4210111135"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200166805","display_name":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00j161312","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Hunt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK alesiahunt@nhs.net","Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust\uff0cLondon, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK alesiahunt@nhs.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust\uff0cLondon, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060148675","display_name":"Dominic Jon Harrington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-9240","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-9240"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298207432","display_name":"Guy's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04r33pf22","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805","https://openalex.org/I4210111135"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200166805","display_name":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00j161312","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Harrington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005304236","display_name":"Susan E. Robinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-5536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-5536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298207432","display_name":"Guy's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04r33pf22","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805","https://openalex.org/I4210111135"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200166805","display_name":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00j161312","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298207432","https://openalex.org/I200166805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":432,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98919006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"349","issue":"sep04 1","first_page":"g5226","last_page":"g5226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10499","display_name":"Folate and B Vitamins Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10499","display_name":"Folate and B Vitamins Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12441","display_name":"Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13374","display_name":"Hematological disorders and diagnostics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-b12-deficiency","display_name":"vitamin B12 deficiency","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-b12","display_name":"vitamin B12","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylcobalamin","display_name":"methylcobalamin","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosylcobalamin","display_name":"adenosylcobalamin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylmalonic-acid","display_name":"methylmalonic acid","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homocysteine","display_name":"homocysteine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylation","display_name":"methylation","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis","display_name":"diagnosis","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-sources","display_name":"food sources","score":0.722000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779750884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187706","display_name":"Vitamin B12","level":2,"score":0.4483366310596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3602312207221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35766327381134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1892351508140564}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006710","descriptor_name":"Homocysteine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006879","descriptor_name":"Hydroxocobalamin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008764","descriptor_name":"Methylmalonic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014155","descriptor_name":"Transcobalamins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014803","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B Complex","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014805","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B 12","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014806","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B 12 Deficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014806","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B 12 Deficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014806","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B 12 Deficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014806","descriptor_name":"Vitamin B 12 Deficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.g5226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917726","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"1756-1833","issn":["1756-1833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25189324","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25189324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bmj:349/sep04_1/g5226","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/349/sep04_1/g5226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1873023690","https://openalex.org/W1974067829","https://openalex.org/W1987197318","https://openalex.org/W1996064304","https://openalex.org/W2001988863","https://openalex.org/W2030726285","https://openalex.org/W2049946177","https://openalex.org/W2061154315","https://openalex.org/W2063518972","https://openalex.org/W2085290458","https://openalex.org/W2099964114","https://openalex.org/W2100184103","https://openalex.org/W2118076374","https://openalex.org/W2130586191","https://openalex.org/W2157871845","https://openalex.org/W2165508380","https://openalex.org/W2199728710","https://openalex.org/W2326469489","https://openalex.org/W3215299411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077940866","https://openalex.org/W1432944636","https://openalex.org/W2143477317","https://openalex.org/W7217820790","https://openalex.org/W1984234932","https://openalex.org/W4253844704","https://openalex.org/W3094869889","https://openalex.org/W2155696869","https://openalex.org/W2462300305","https://openalex.org/W2313002389"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"####":[0],"Summary":[1],"points\n\nVitamin":[2],"B12":[3,45,79,102,138,153,195],"is":[4,9,58,72,80,87,109,191],"an":[5],"essential":[6],"cofactor":[7,82],"that":[8],"integral":[10],"to":[11,18,28,46,105,128,133],"methylation":[12],"processes":[13],"important":[14,113],"in":[15,51,55,179,184],"reactions":[16],"related":[17],"DNA":[19,31],"and":[20,32,35,53,66,114,135,141,146,155,158,164],"cell":[21,33],"metabolism,":[22],"thus":[23,36],"a":[24,81,121],"deficiency":[25,108],"may":[26],"lead":[27],"disruption":[29],"of":[30,43,63,76,124,187],"metabolism":[34],"have":[37],"serious":[38],"clinical":[39,116],"consequences.1":[40],"Intracellular":[41],"conversion":[42],"vitamin":[44,78,137,194],"two":[47],"active":[48],"coenzymes,":[49],"adenosylcobalamin":[50],"mitochondria":[52],"methylcobalamin":[54],"the":[56,61,84,125,150,161,174,185],"cytoplasm,":[57],"necessary":[59],"for":[60,83,177],"homeostasis":[62],"methylmalonic":[64],"acid":[65,71,99],"homocysteine,":[67],"respectively.2":[68],"3":[69],"Methylmalonic":[70],"converted":[73,96],"into":[74,93,97],"succinyl-CoA,":[75],"which":[77],"reaction.":[85],"Homocysteine":[86],"biosynthesised":[88],"from":[89,173],"methionine":[90,94],"then":[91],"resynthesised":[92],"or":[95],"amino":[98],"cysteine.":[100],"\n\nVitamin":[101],"(also":[103],"referred":[104],"as":[106],"cobalamin)":[107],"relatively":[110],"common,":[111],"with":[112],"variable":[115],"consequences.":[117],"This":[118],"review":[119],"presents":[120],"concise":[122],"summary":[123],"most":[126,162],"up":[127],"date":[129],"evidence":[130,170],"on":[131],"how":[132],"diagnose":[134],"manage":[136],"deficiency.\n\n####":[139],"Sources":[140],"selection":[142],"criteria\n\nWe":[143],"searched":[144],"PubMed":[145],"Google":[147],"Scholar":[148],"using":[149],"terms":[151],"\u201cvitamin":[152],"deficiency\u201d":[154],"\u201ccobalamin":[156],"deficiency\u201d,":[157],"hand":[159],"selected":[160],"relevant":[163],"appropriate":[165],"articles.":[166],"We":[167],"also":[168],"used":[169],"based":[171],"guidelines":[172],"British":[175],"Committee":[176],"Standards":[178],"Haematology;":[180],"however,":[181],"evidence,":[182],"especially":[183],"form":[186],"randomised":[188],"controlled":[189],"trials,":[190],"lacking.4\n\nFoods":[192],"containing":[193],"are":[196],"\u2026":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
