{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986187971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","title":"An empirical analysis of software and hardware spending","display_name":"An empirical analysis of software and hardware spending","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986187971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","mag":"1986187971"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11479521","display_name":"Decision Support Systems","issn_l":"0167-9236","issn":["0167-9236","1873-5797"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Decision Support Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005339370","display_name":"Vijay Gurbaxani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Gurbaxani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Management, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Management, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022429291","display_name":"Haim Mendelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-6072","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-6072"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haim Mendelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3940,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3940},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5978,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83002104,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.7827000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.7827000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13034","display_name":"Information Systems Education and Curriculum Development","score":0.08269999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11734","display_name":"Decision Support System Applications","score":0.020099999383091927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-shares","display_name":"budget shares","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-growth","display_name":"macroeconomic growth","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-conditions","display_name":"business conditions","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development-and-maintenance","display_name":"software development and maintenance","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-growth","display_name":"exponential growth","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-driven-growth","display_name":"technology-driven growth","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.7551088333129883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5271220803260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4478399455547333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.38625895977020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2058650255203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(92)90033-l","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11479521","display_name":"Decision Support Systems","issn_l":"0167-9236","issn":["0167-9236","1873-5797"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Decision Support Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78917925","https://openalex.org/W309629863","https://openalex.org/W1552718578","https://openalex.org/W1557824269","https://openalex.org/W1974189239","https://openalex.org/W1981762909","https://openalex.org/W2002872276","https://openalex.org/W2020148768","https://openalex.org/W2021503621","https://openalex.org/W2037027277","https://openalex.org/W2044790070","https://openalex.org/W2081737649","https://openalex.org/W2094514178","https://openalex.org/W2147641373","https://openalex.org/W2156492097","https://openalex.org/W2256075884","https://openalex.org/W2922412550","https://openalex.org/W3088997589","https://openalex.org/W4234822591","https://openalex.org/W4245131414","https://openalex.org/W4252650336","https://openalex.org/W4298267330","https://openalex.org/W6655885700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147641373","https://openalex.org/W2002872276","https://openalex.org/W2007170044","https://openalex.org/W7098208595","https://openalex.org/W7001088455","https://openalex.org/W2017563110","https://openalex.org/W6986328155","https://openalex.org/W4248485967","https://openalex.org/W2766358580","https://openalex.org/W1477497000"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}