{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986184477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","title":"Role of insulin autoantibody affinity as a predictive marker for type 1 diabetes in young children with HLA\u2010conferred disease susceptibility","display_name":"Role of insulin autoantibody affinity as a predictive marker for type 1 diabetes in young children with HLA\u2010conferred disease susceptibility","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986184477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","mag":"1986184477","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19637309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/dmrr.998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83251063","display_name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","issn_l":"1520-7552","issn":["1520-7552","1520-7560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075640419","display_name":"Heli Siljander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-2822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-2822"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heli Siljander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024634851","display_name":"Taina H\u00e4rk\u00f6nen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-224X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-224X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taina H\u00e4rk\u00f6nen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkha\u0308lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkha\u0308lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert Hermann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Hermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064931375","display_name":"Satu Simell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satu Simell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089873556","display_name":"Anne Hekkala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-226X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-226X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Hekkala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098586860","display_name":"Riikka\u2010Tiina Salonsaari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riikka\u2010Tiina Salonsaari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111991492","display_name":"Tuula T. Simell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuula Simell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088970962","display_name":"Olli Simell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olli Simell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066618511","display_name":"Jorma Ilonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-2062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-2062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","display_name":"University of Eastern Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorma Ilonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Kuopio, 70211 Kuopio, Finland","Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Kuopio, 70211 Kuopio, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001640598","display_name":"Riitta Veijola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-270X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-270X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riitta Veijola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000141478","display_name":"Mikael Knip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-0033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-0033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mikael Knip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland","Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkha\u0308lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkha\u0308lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000141478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I4210126318"],"apc_list":{"value":4780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85087444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"7","first_page":"615","last_page":"622"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-autoantibodies","display_name":"insulin autoantibodies","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-progression","display_name":"disease progression","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prediabetes","display_name":"prediabetes","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-children","display_name":"young children","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-biomarkers","display_name":"predictive biomarkers","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humoral-immune-response","display_name":"humoral immune response","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroconversion","display_name":"seroconversion","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmunity","display_name":"autoimmunity","score":0.5630000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163764329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785022","display_name":"Autoantibody","level":3,"score":0.8467650413513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188280979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911125","display_name":"Human leukocyte antigen","level":3,"score":0.6729874610900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6093997955322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32611913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166189","display_name":"Titer","level":3,"score":0.5963553190231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781232474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124407","display_name":"Type 1 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5653887391090393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192360","display_name":"Autoimmunity","level":3,"score":0.5558910965919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5290580987930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5059294104576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4986717700958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4943523406982422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.47190409898757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.45542943477630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.378589004278183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.3008609414100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.2994195818901062}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000915","descriptor_name":"Antibody Affinity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001323","descriptor_name":"Autoantibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001323","descriptor_name":"Autoantibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004198","descriptor_name":"Disease Susceptibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005387","descriptor_name":"Finland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005968","descriptor_name":"Glutamate Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006680","descriptor_name":"HLA Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006680","descriptor_name":"HLA Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007330","descriptor_name":"Insulin Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007330","descriptor_name":"Insulin Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016555","descriptor_name":"Matched-Pair Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054635","descriptor_name":"Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 8","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/dmrr.998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83251063","display_name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","issn_l":"1520-7552","issn":["1520-7552","1520-7560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19637309","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19637309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306172","display_name":"Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International","ror":"https://ror.org/00vqxjy61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324757","display_name":"European Association for the Study of Diabetes","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0v0306"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325957","display_name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","ror":"https://ror.org/04txyc737"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2776280","https://openalex.org/W614574849","https://openalex.org/W1989291032","https://openalex.org/W2002761055","https://openalex.org/W2003287241","https://openalex.org/W2009802964","https://openalex.org/W2010776016","https://openalex.org/W2019972832","https://openalex.org/W2024286357","https://openalex.org/W2032644834","https://openalex.org/W2036993603","https://openalex.org/W2043518556","https://openalex.org/W2048685756","https://openalex.org/W2052938595","https://openalex.org/W2057159752","https://openalex.org/W2060618131","https://openalex.org/W2083754730","https://openalex.org/W2084710830","https://openalex.org/W2090742005","https://openalex.org/W2113093880","https://openalex.org/W2123412381","https://openalex.org/W2134686606","https://openalex.org/W2136015010","https://openalex.org/W2144361039","https://openalex.org/W2157440365","https://openalex.org/W2168696300","https://openalex.org/W2403319411","https://openalex.org/W2419185757","https://openalex.org/W4255437868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053387251","https://openalex.org/W2024286357","https://openalex.org/W2010776016","https://openalex.org/W7099639857","https://openalex.org/W1997828195","https://openalex.org/W2593904398","https://openalex.org/W2107053825","https://openalex.org/W7160271196","https://openalex.org/W3104938228","https://openalex.org/W2158880005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Insulin":[1],"autoantibodies":[2,85],"(IAA)":[3],"are":[4,16,32,45],"early":[5],"markers":[6],"of":[7,97,212,249],"prediabetic":[8,50,101],"autoimmunity.":[9],"As":[10],"transient":[11],"and":[12,65,86,95,103,134,176,197],"fluctuating":[13],"IAA":[14,23,26,51,67,93,150,202,230,245],"positivity":[15],"common":[17],"among":[18,141,207],"young":[19,223],"children,":[20],"distinguishing":[21],"non-progressive":[22],"from":[24,81,237,258],"destruction-related":[25],"is":[27],"essential":[28],"when":[29],"preventive":[30],"measures":[31],"considered.":[33],"We":[34],"tested":[35],"whether":[36,66],"children":[37,55,74,225],"progressing":[38,59],"rapidly":[39],"to":[40,62,88,107,214,233,244,260],"type":[41,90],"1":[42,91],"diabetes":[43,63,77],"(progressors)":[44],"characterized":[46],"by":[47],"a":[48,210],"higher":[49],"affinity":[52,68,151,190,231],"than":[53],"IAA-positive":[54,100,121,224],"remaining":[56],"unaffected":[57,142,182],"or":[58,239],"more":[60],"slowly":[61,238],"(non-progressors),":[64],"increases":[69],"towards":[70,205],"diagnosis.":[71,261],"METHODS:":[72],"Finnish":[73],"with":[75,115,226],"HLA-conferred":[76,227],"susceptibility":[78,229],"were":[79,113,192],"observed":[80,193,255],"birth":[82],"for":[83],"diabetes-associated":[84],"progression":[87],"overt":[89],"diabetes.":[92],"levels":[94,191],"affinities":[96],"the":[98,108,135,145,148,165,250],"first":[99,146],"samples":[102,104,147],"obtained":[105],"closest":[106],"diagnosis":[109,128,206],"in":[110,118,132,157,174,181,189],"64":[111,119],"progressors":[112,133,175,208,236],"compared":[114],"corresponding":[116],"values":[117],"matched":[120],"non-progressors.":[122],"RESULTS:":[123],"The":[124],"median":[125,136,149,211],"age":[126],"at":[127,164],"was":[129,152,169,254],"3.9":[130],"years":[131,140],"follow-up":[137],"time":[138,257],"7.6":[139],"subjects.":[143,241],"In":[144,242],"1.4":[153],"x":[154,171,178],"10(10)":[155,172,179],"L/mol":[156,173,180],"both":[158],"groups":[159],"(p":[160,184,194],"=":[161,185,195,199,219],"0.33),":[162],"while":[163],"second":[166],"sampling":[167],"it":[168],"1.1":[170],"1.2":[177],"subjects":[183],"0.46).":[186],"No":[187],"changes":[188],"0.33":[196],"p":[198,218],"0.84,":[200],"respectively).":[201],"titers":[203],"increased":[204],"(from":[209],"13.6":[213],"20.1":[215],"relative":[216],"units;":[217],"0.02).":[220],"CONCLUSIONS:":[221],"Among":[222],"disease":[228],"failed":[232],"distinguish":[234],"rapid":[235],"non-progressing":[240],"relation":[243],"affinity,":[246],"no":[247],"maturation":[248],"humoral":[251],"immune":[252],"response":[253],"over":[256],"seroconversion":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}