{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986112352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","title":"Melancholia: A Defense Mechanism Test Study","display_name":"Melancholia: A Defense Mechanism Test Study","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986112352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","mag":"1986112352","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7808887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110965136","display_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","issn_l":"0031-5125","issn":["0031-5125","1558-688X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080587394","display_name":"Ivo Alex Rubino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9244-7640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9244-7640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Alex Rubino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109962743","display_name":"Cristiana Cimino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristiana Cimino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088970358","display_name":"Anna Saya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-3974","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-3974"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Saya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007036223","display_name":"N. Ciani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Ciani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72417983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"1","first_page":"487","last_page":"498"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.07779999822378159,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melancholia","display_name":"melancholia","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defense-mechanisms","display_name":"defense mechanisms","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotyped-behavior","display_name":"stereotypy","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-depression","display_name":"bipolar depression","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"major depressive disorder","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-response","display_name":"antidepressant response","score":0.7850000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780783166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192077","display_name":"Melancholia","level":3,"score":0.7353941798210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.734406054019928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781044885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13512178","display_name":"Melancholic depression","level":4,"score":0.6340457797050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779459141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1198115","display_name":"Stereotypy","level":4,"score":0.6333553194999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.458980917930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4497305750846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781210005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6738337","display_name":"Major depressive episode","level":3,"score":0.42885276675224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4211123585700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.41505396366119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.22195681929588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.15334337949752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777193897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179452","display_name":"Amphetamine","level":3,"score":0.12624186277389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000374","descriptor_name":"Aggression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003674","descriptor_name":"Defense Mechanisms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007389","descriptor_name":"Internal-External Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011386","descriptor_name":"Projective Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013239","descriptor_name":"Stereotyped Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110965136","display_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","issn_l":"0031-5125","issn":["0031-5125","1558-688X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7808887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7808887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and motor skills","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5480056","https://openalex.org/W63272250","https://openalex.org/W619334318","https://openalex.org/W1507269005","https://openalex.org/W1968376687","https://openalex.org/W1972789721","https://openalex.org/W2031366578","https://openalex.org/W2033258155","https://openalex.org/W2119941464","https://openalex.org/W2122600857","https://openalex.org/W2158050449","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2166437019","https://openalex.org/W2168221858","https://openalex.org/W4210957923","https://openalex.org/W4214483418","https://openalex.org/W4231199158"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007887535","https://openalex.org/W2384506103","https://openalex.org/W2158050449","https://openalex.org/W1989144293","https://openalex.org/W27769222","https://openalex.org/W1972789721","https://openalex.org/W2119941464","https://openalex.org/W2117579057","https://openalex.org/W2365247190","https://openalex.org/W2049250549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,64],"defensive":[1],"organization":[2],"of":[3,18,26,41,48,52,75,78,99,105,119],"Melancholia":[4],"was":[5,35],"explored":[6],"with":[7,22,37],"a":[8,23,38,45,111],"tachistoscopic":[9],"percept-genetic":[10],"technique,":[11],"the":[12,55,106,120],"Defense":[13,122],"Mechanism":[14,123],"Test.":[15],"A":[16],"sample":[17],"20":[19],"women":[20],"inpatients":[21],"DSM-III-R":[24],"diagnosis":[25],"Major":[27,31],"Depressive":[28],"Episode":[29],"or":[30],"Depression,":[32],"Melancholic":[33],"Type":[34],"contrasted":[36],"matched":[39,46],"group":[40,47],"depressed":[42,69],"outpatients":[43,70],"and":[44,58,77,89],"nonclinical":[49],"subjects.":[50],"Signs":[51],"introaggression":[53],"on":[54],"hero,":[56],"statue-repression,":[57],"stereotypy":[59,76,100,128],"significantly":[60,90],"characterized":[61],"melancholic":[62,87,95],"patients.":[63,96],"latter":[65],"were":[66,82],"discriminated":[67],"from":[68,93],"as":[71],"showing":[72],"more":[73],"signs":[74],"discontinuity.":[79],"Mask-disguise":[80],"defenses":[81],"typically":[83],"endorsed":[84],"by":[85],"Bipolar":[86],"patients":[88],"differentiated":[91],"them":[92],"Unipolar":[94],"One":[97],"type":[98],"(regarding":[101],"wrong":[102],"age":[103],"attributes":[104],"central":[107],"figure)":[108],"successfully":[109],"predicted":[110],"poor":[112],"response":[113],"to":[114],"antidepressive":[115],"therapy.":[116],"Relevant":[117],"modifications":[118],"current":[121],"Test":[124],"coding":[125],"criteria":[126],"for":[127],"are":[129],"proposed.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}