{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986100600","doi":null,"title":"Immunomodulatory role of opioids in the central nervous system.","display_name":"Immunomodulatory role of opioids in the central nervous system.","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986100600","mag":"1986100600","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9437491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9437491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9437491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031084434","display_name":"Wang Sheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W S Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, MN 55404, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, MN 55404, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081347455","display_name":"Sung Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-0623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-0623"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019152278","display_name":"Genya Gekker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Gekker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043001802","display_name":"S Y Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3468-4775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3468-4775"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103420824","display_name":"Phillip K. Peterson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P K Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110191383","display_name":"C C Chao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C C Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9318,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69953807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"5-6","first_page":"359","last_page":"66"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioids","display_name":"opioids","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogenous-opioids","display_name":"endogenous opioids","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-receptors","display_name":"opioid receptors","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system","display_name":"central nervous system","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimmunomodulation","display_name":"neuroimmunomodulation","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glial-cells","display_name":"glial cells","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrocytes","display_name":"astrocytes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemokines","display_name":"chemokines","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide","display_name":"nitric oxide","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-infection","display_name":"HIV-1 infection","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-addiction","display_name":"drug addiction","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphine","display_name":"morphine","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kappa-opioid-receptor","display_name":"kappa opioid receptor","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-associated-dementia","display_name":"HIV-associated dementia","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegenerative-diseases","display_name":"neurodegenerative diseases","score":0.9769999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25498285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368","display_name":"Neuroprotection","level":2,"score":0.7035577893257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781063702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427523","display_name":"Opioid","level":3,"score":0.6610004901885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184389661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14897645","display_name":"\u03ba-opioid receptor","level":4,"score":0.6418061256408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.6077079176902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5562183260917664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.5526064038276672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88016717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417189","display_name":"Opioid peptide","level":4,"score":0.531426191329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5306954383850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13373296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421866","display_name":"Chemokine","level":3,"score":0.529442548751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017995582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417189","display_name":"Endogenous opioid","level":4,"score":0.4714309275150299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779491297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3338704","display_name":"Neurotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.47029539942741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421797","display_name":"Opioid receptor","level":4,"score":0.44107621908187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.4250499904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.40343189239501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3764263391494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.37340444326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3169640302658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.19366836547851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11574256420135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000276","descriptor_name":"Adjuvants, Immunologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009294","descriptor_name":"Narcotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009294","descriptor_name":"Narcotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015213","descriptor_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015213","descriptor_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9437491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9437491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1986100600","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9437491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6762071939","display_name":"Dynorphin and Glial Cell Immunomodulation","funder_award_id":"R01DA009924","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8049373800","display_name":"Modulation of Cell-Mediated Immune Function by Opiates","funder_award_id":"R01DA004381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975456780","https://openalex.org/W2067588654","https://openalex.org/W49568621","https://openalex.org/W2093190968","https://openalex.org/W2745715123","https://openalex.org/W2131219924","https://openalex.org/W2084761575","https://openalex.org/W79694293","https://openalex.org/W2991078899","https://openalex.org/W2085986158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Endogenous":[0],"opioid":[1,26,49,65,128,150,172],"peptides":[2],"play":[3,137],"a":[4,138],"variety":[5],"of":[6,59,100,117,123,156,171,195],"roles":[7],"in":[8,30,103,142,168],"the":[9,60,98,115,121,133,169,193],"central":[10],"nervous":[11],"system":[12],"(CNS)":[13],"from":[14],"development":[15,122],"to":[16,54,113,164,178],"immune":[17,71],"modulation.":[18],"These":[19],"functions":[20],"are":[21,176],"mediated":[22,51,69],"mostly":[23],"via":[24,47,70],"specific":[25],"receptors":[27],"uniquely":[28],"localized":[29],"different":[31],"brain":[32],"regions":[33],"and":[34,40,43,77,85,95,120,159],"cells.":[35],"Exogenous":[36],"opioids":[37,181],"can":[38],"influence":[39],"modulate":[41],"neuronal":[42],"glial":[44,92,186],"cell":[45,146],"function":[46],"an":[48],"receptor":[50,129],"mechanism,":[52],"leading":[53],"either":[55],"protection":[56],"or":[57],"damage":[58],"brain.":[61],"Mechanisms":[62],"underlying":[63],"CNS":[64],"effects":[66,184],"may":[67,136],"be":[68],"mediators,":[72],"such":[73,107,203],"as":[74,108,188,190,204],"cytokines,":[75],"beta-chemokines,":[76],"free":[78],"radicals":[79],"(i.e.":[80],"reactive":[81],"oxygen":[82],"intermediates":[83],"(ROI)":[84],"nitric":[86],"oxide":[87],"(NO))":[88],"produced":[89],"by":[90],"activated":[91],"cells":[93,187],"(microglia":[94],"astrocytes).":[96],"In":[97],"pathogenesis":[99],"HIV-1":[101],"infection":[102],"drug":[104],"addicts,":[105],"opiates":[106],"morphine":[109],"have":[110,162],"been":[111],"postulated":[112],"promote":[114],"progression":[116],"this":[118],"virus":[119],"secondary":[124],"opportunistic":[125],"infections.":[126],"Kappa":[127],"(KOR)":[130],"ligands,":[131],"on":[132,185],"other":[134],"hand,":[135],"neuroprotective":[139],"role.":[140],"Differences":[141],"species,":[143],"age,":[144],"sex,":[145],"culture":[147],"system,":[148],"stimuli,":[149],"administration":[151],"route,":[152],"concentrations":[153],"used,":[154],"strain":[155],"infectious":[157],"agents,":[158],"treatment":[160],"regimes":[161],"contributed":[163],"many":[165],"conflicting":[166],"results":[167],"field":[170],"research.":[173],"More":[174],"studies":[175],"needed":[177],"delineate":[179],"how":[180],"exert":[182],"their":[183],"well":[189],"neurons":[191],"with":[192],"goal":[194],"finding":[196],"new":[197],"therapeutic":[198],"approaches":[199],"for":[200],"neurodegenerative":[201],"diseases,":[202],"AIDS":[205],"dementia.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}