{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985581822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","title":"Trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality in the United States, 1985\u20132005: variations by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes","display_name":"Trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality in the United States, 1985\u20132005: variations by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985581822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","mag":"1985581822","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25492520","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4267146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","pdf_url":"https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180811554","display_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","issn_l":"1471-230X","issn":["1471-230X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038972534","display_name":"Jyotsna S. Jagai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-2583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-2583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jyotsna S Jagai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. jjagai2@uic.edu","School of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. jjagai2@uic.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. jjagai2@uic.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. jjagai2@uic.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101557056","display_name":"Gene\u00e9 S. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-4388","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-4388"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genee S Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gillings School of Global Public Health , Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. genee@unc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gillings School of Global Public Health , Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. genee@unc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054255277","display_name":"Judith E. Schmid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith E Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Cores Unit, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. schmid.judy@epa.gov"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Cores Unit, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. schmid.judy@epa.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106886995","display_name":"Timothy J. Wade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7843-0997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7843-0997"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy J Wade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. wade.tim@epa.gov"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. wade.tim@epa.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038972534"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450","https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":1.6059,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82693366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"211","last_page":"211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.6083999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.6083999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14093","display_name":"Global Health and Epidemiology","score":0.1103999987244606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10486","display_name":"Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology","score":0.09229999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroenteritis","display_name":"gastroenteritis","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-trends","display_name":"mortality trends","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icd-10","display_name":"ICD-10","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icd-9","display_name":"ICD-9","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-adjusted-mortality-rates","display_name":"age-adjusted mortality rates","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-burden","display_name":"public health burden","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistant-pathogens","display_name":"antibiotic-resistant pathogens","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-advances","display_name":"diagnostic advances","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8262200951576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.7200775146484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6508557200431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781116378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45127","display_name":"ICD-10","level":2,"score":0.639070451259613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.5190549492835999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5080490112304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993801374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156103","display_name":"Acute gastroenteritis","level":2,"score":0.4320386052131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102803821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7598403","display_name":"Standardized mortality ratio","level":3,"score":0.42855262756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3202306032180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.25219225883483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2077387571334839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18680864572525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005759","descriptor_name":"Gastroenteritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005759","descriptor_name":"Gastroenteritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D038801","descriptor_name":"International Classification of Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044465","descriptor_name":"White People","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","pdf_url":"https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180811554","display_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","issn_l":"1471-230X","issn":["1471-230X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25492520","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25492520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC gastroenterology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4267146","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4267146/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Gastroenterol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:cf95jf060","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/5sh3-4f69","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/5sh3-4f69","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Gastroenterology, 14(1)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.784.3839","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.784.3839","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/24/5b/12876_2014_Article_211.PMC4267146.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cdr.lib.unc.edu:uuid:fe8baf99-60ad-4329-a667-da87cb519cd7","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:fe8baf99-60ad-4329-a667-da87cb519cd7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.17615/5sh3-4f69","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/5sh3-4f69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/5sh3-4f69","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051488","display_name":"UNC Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","pdf_url":"https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12876-014-0211-0","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180811554","display_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","issn_l":"1471-230X","issn":["1471-230X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985581822.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985581822.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10514757","https://openalex.org/W1560478899","https://openalex.org/W1565261413","https://openalex.org/W1874478037","https://openalex.org/W1987877879","https://openalex.org/W2019639929","https://openalex.org/W2038306434","https://openalex.org/W2044513113","https://openalex.org/W2077286929","https://openalex.org/W2103946568","https://openalex.org/W2109921660","https://openalex.org/W2128591134","https://openalex.org/W2128592628","https://openalex.org/W2138105286","https://openalex.org/W2140051649","https://openalex.org/W2167414951","https://openalex.org/W2418778007","https://openalex.org/W2461183682","https://openalex.org/W2464646485","https://openalex.org/W4242688182","https://openalex.org/W6979186521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099615052","https://openalex.org/W7113902759","https://openalex.org/W7154836513","https://openalex.org/W7098283081","https://openalex.org/W7099516626","https://openalex.org/W7113899457","https://openalex.org/W7113902299","https://openalex.org/W2843886775","https://openalex.org/W4417248380","https://openalex.org/W4417197246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Trends":[1,50],"in":[2,41,51,55,109,152,190,197,275,281,319],"gastroenteritis-associated":[3,42,52,273,295],"mortality":[4,31,43,53,112,274,296],"are":[5],"changing":[6,22],"over":[7,301],"time":[8,166,187,227],"with":[9,47,76,157],"development":[10],"of":[11,15,146,160,169,182,239,272,294,313],"antibiotic":[12],"resistant":[13],"strains":[14],"certain":[16],"pathogens,":[17],"improved":[18],"diagnostic":[19],"methods,":[20],"and":[21,44,95,99,123,139,251,279,309],"healthcare.":[23],"In":[24],"1999,":[25],"ICD-10":[26,221,289],"coding":[27,210,222],"was":[28,211,223],"introduced":[29],"for":[30,65,72,134,259],"records":[32],"which":[33],"can":[34],"also":[35],"affect":[36],"trends.":[37],"We":[38],"assess":[39],"trends":[40,108,282],"changes":[45,280],"associated":[46],"coding.":[48,290],"METHODS:":[49],"rates":[54,113],"the":[56,62,77,153,167,186,205,229,236,268,276,302,310,320],"United":[57,277],"States":[58,278],"were":[59,86,89,102,114,128,143,253],"examined":[60],"using":[61,116,130],"National":[63],"Center":[64],"Health":[66],"Statistics":[67],"Multiple":[68],"Cause-of-Death":[69],"Mortality":[70],"databases":[71],"1985-2005.":[73],"All":[74],"deaths":[75,148,170,314],"underlying":[78],"cause":[79,83],"or":[80],"any":[81],"contributing":[82],"included":[84],"gastroenteritis":[85,151,173,317],"included.":[87],"Cases":[88],"selected":[90],"based":[91],"on":[92],"ICD9":[93],"(pre-1999)":[94],"ICD10":[96],"(1999-2005)":[97],"codes":[98],"all":[100,183],"analyses":[101],"stratified":[103],"by":[104],"ICD":[105],"usage.":[106],"Annual":[107],"age":[110,135,231],"adjusted":[111,133],"assessed":[115],"linear":[117],"regression":[118,132],"spline":[119],"analysis.":[120],"Relative":[121],"risks":[122],"95%":[124],"confidence":[125],"intervals":[126],"(CIs)":[127],"calculated":[129],"Poisson":[131],"group,":[136],"sex,":[137],"race,":[138],"region.":[140],"RESULTS:":[141],"There":[142],"a":[144,194,200,214],"total":[145],"190,674":[147],"related":[149,171],"to":[150,172,180,213,242,262,284,288,307,316],"U.S.":[154],"from":[155,178,199,286,305],"1985-2005":[156],"an":[158],"average":[159],"9,080":[161],"per":[162],"year.":[163],"During":[164],"this":[165],"percent":[168],"more":[174,298],"than":[175,249,257,299],"tripled,":[176],"increasing":[177],"0.25%":[179],"0.80%":[181],"deaths.":[184],"Though":[185],"periods":[188],"varied":[189],"length,":[191],"we":[192],"demonstrate":[193],"significant":[195],"increase":[196,203,217],"slope":[198],"0.0054%":[201],"annual":[202,216],"during":[204,218],"period":[206,304],"1985-1998,":[207],"when":[208,220],"ICD-9":[209,287],"used,":[212],"0.0550%":[215],"1999-2005,":[219],"used.":[224],"For":[225],"both":[226],"periods,":[228],"oldest":[230],"group":[232],"(75+":[233],"years)":[234],"demonstrated":[235,246],"highest":[237],"risk":[238,248,256],"death":[240,260],"due":[241,261,283,315],"gastroenteritis.":[243,263],"Additionally,":[244],"males":[245],"higher":[247,255],"females":[250],"blacks":[252],"at":[254],"whites":[258],"CONCLUSIONS:":[264],"This":[265],"analysis":[266],"demonstrates":[267],"public":[269],"health":[270],"burden":[271,312],"change":[285],"The":[291],"overall":[292],"rate":[293],"has":[297],"tripled":[300],"21-year":[303],"1985":[306],"2005":[308],"primary":[311],"is":[318],"elderly":[321],"population.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}