{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985487298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","title":"Extracellular polysaccharides produced by Ganoderma formosanum stimulate macrophage activation via multiple pattern-recognition receptors","display_name":"Extracellular polysaccharides produced by Ganoderma formosanum stimulate macrophage activation via multiple pattern-recognition receptors","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985487298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","mag":"1985487298","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22883599","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3495220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163220592","display_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","issn_l":"1472-6882","issn":["1472-6882"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053901139","display_name":"Cheng-Li Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-9040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-9040"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061053309","display_name":"Chiu-Ying Lu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiu-Ying Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024781832","display_name":"Chia-Chen Pi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3935-9127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3935-9127"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chia-Chen Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004814186","display_name":"Yu\u2010Jing Zhuang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Jing Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056740351","display_name":"Ching\u2010Liang Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8463-526X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8463-526X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Liang Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 100, People's Republic of China","Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 100, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082897528","display_name":"Wen-Hsiung Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Hsiung Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021261100","display_name":"Chun\u2010Jen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-8641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-8641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Jen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021261100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":1.5086,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79346476,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"119","last_page":"119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11085","display_name":"Fungal Biology and Applications","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11085","display_name":"Fungal Biology and Applications","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.0203000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10497","display_name":"Fungal and yeast genetics research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exopolysaccharides","display_name":"exopolysaccharides","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunostimulation","display_name":"immunostimulation","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophage-activation","display_name":"macrophage activation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition-receptors","display_name":"pattern recognition receptors","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dectin-1","display_name":"Dectin-1","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-receptor-3","display_name":"complement receptor 3","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr4","display_name":"TLR4","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syk","display_name":"Syk","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mapk-signaling","display_name":"MAPK signaling","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nf-kappab-nuclear-translocation","display_name":"NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha-production","display_name":"TNF-alpha production","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piceatannol","display_name":"piceatannol","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laminarin","display_name":"laminarin","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycelial-culture","display_name":"mycelial culture","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35174551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7660502","display_name":"Syk","level":4,"score":0.7152290344238281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776070231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14914098","display_name":"TLR4","level":3,"score":0.6263523101806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.5898398160934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51551487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043632","display_name":"p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases","level":4,"score":0.5689917206764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57074206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14197552","display_name":"MAPK/ERK pathway","level":3,"score":0.562349259853363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5322439670562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.5285296440124512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851","display_name":"Kinase","level":2,"score":0.42879951000213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.42689594626426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778938456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423729","display_name":"Laminarin","level":3,"score":0.4188721776008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776709828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408004","display_name":"Toll-like receptor","level":4,"score":0.4123605191707611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.38845378160476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3849647641181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.34736740589141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42362537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87099740","display_name":"Tyrosine kinase","level":3,"score":0.3425120413303375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3173372149467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.26981309056282043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.249409019947052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100817775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134219","display_name":"Polysaccharide","level":2,"score":0.1924547255039215}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008262","descriptor_name":"Macrophage Activation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008809","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C3H","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011134","descriptor_name":"Polysaccharides","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011134","descriptor_name":"Polysaccharides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011134","descriptor_name":"Polysaccharides","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015854","descriptor_name":"Up-Regulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018345","descriptor_name":"Mice, Knockout","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032902","descriptor_name":"Ganoderma","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032902","descriptor_name":"Ganoderma","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051192","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Pattern Recognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051192","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Pattern Recognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163220592","display_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","issn_l":"1472-6882","issn":["1472-6882"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2493247","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3495220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22883599","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22883599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC complementary and alternative medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3495220","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3495220/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Complement Altern Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ae6176e1a3e4c82813a34a878fcb549","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ae6176e1a3e4c82813a34a878fcb549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 119 (2012)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1472-6882-12-119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163220592","display_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","issn_l":"1472-6882","issn":["1472-6882"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4516654129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSC99-2628-B-002-005-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","funder_display_name":"National Science Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322845","display_name":"National Health Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6fpx29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985487298.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985487298.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508454670","https://openalex.org/W1552384509","https://openalex.org/W1571757308","https://openalex.org/W1609249008","https://openalex.org/W1612465238","https://openalex.org/W1945510071","https://openalex.org/W1965897811","https://openalex.org/W1967838441","https://openalex.org/W1973406875","https://openalex.org/W1973425514","https://openalex.org/W1976925504","https://openalex.org/W1976987509","https://openalex.org/W1981668528","https://openalex.org/W1987552956","https://openalex.org/W1988940275","https://openalex.org/W1990939845","https://openalex.org/W1994942139","https://openalex.org/W1996644651","https://openalex.org/W2003068164","https://openalex.org/W2003819334","https://openalex.org/W2011886187","https://openalex.org/W2023538413","https://openalex.org/W2042433863","https://openalex.org/W2043436308","https://openalex.org/W2058183345","https://openalex.org/W2060938552","https://openalex.org/W2068977602","https://openalex.org/W2099626067","https://openalex.org/W2105999014","https://openalex.org/W2107531246","https://openalex.org/W2111244753","https://openalex.org/W2114765677","https://openalex.org/W2121982330","https://openalex.org/W2123376396","https://openalex.org/W2129319296","https://openalex.org/W2129718739","https://openalex.org/W2131019349","https://openalex.org/W2132252339","https://openalex.org/W2132996003","https://openalex.org/W2133449490","https://openalex.org/W2136969158","https://openalex.org/W2143508569","https://openalex.org/W2153002689","https://openalex.org/W4312819928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111244753","https://openalex.org/W2065334364","https://openalex.org/W1916137805","https://openalex.org/W1987988388","https://openalex.org/W2559861449","https://openalex.org/W1986526737","https://openalex.org/W2558636832","https://openalex.org/W2361114811","https://openalex.org/W4405792580","https://openalex.org/W2132996003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"fungus":[2],"of":[3,14,33,51,67,103,127,141,169,182,192],"Ganoderma":[4],"is":[5,91],"a":[6,12],"traditional":[7],"medicine":[8],"in":[9,59,64,107,148,179],"Asia":[10],"with":[11],"variety":[13],"pharmacological":[15],"functions":[16],"including":[17,173],"anti-cancer":[18],"activities.":[19,42],"We":[20],"have":[21],"purified":[22],"an":[23],"extracellular":[24,158],"heteropolysaccharide":[25],"fraction,":[26],"PS-F2,":[27],"from":[28,112],"the":[29,48,65,100,108,125,138,157,167,180,190],"submerged":[30],"mycelia":[31],"culture":[32],"G.":[34,162],"formosanum":[35,163],"and":[36,72,95,133,176,187,189],"shown":[37],"that":[38,86,156],"PS-F2":[39,87,104,122],"exhibits":[40],"immunostimulatory":[41],"In":[43,98],"this":[44],"study,":[45],"we":[46],"investigated":[47],"molecular":[49],"mechanisms":[50],"immunostimulation":[52],"by":[53,89,93,161],"PS-F2.":[54],"RESULTS:":[55],"PS-F2-stimulated":[56],"TNF-\u03b1":[57,150],"production":[58,191],"macrophages":[60,90,111,165],"was":[61,105],"significantly":[62],"reduced":[63],"presence":[66],"blocking":[68],"antibodies":[69],"for":[70],"Dectin-1":[71,94],"complement":[73],"receptor":[74,119],"3":[75],"(CR3),":[76],"laminarin,":[77],"or":[78],"piceatannol":[79],"(a":[80],"spleen":[81],"tyrosine":[82],"kinase":[83],"inhibitor),":[84],"suggesting":[85],"recognition":[88],"mediated":[92],"CR3":[96,175],"receptors.":[97],"addition,":[99],"stimulatory":[101],"effect":[102],"attenuated":[106],"bone":[109],"marrow-derived":[110],"C3H/HeJ":[113],"mice":[114],"which":[115,143],"lack":[116],"functional":[117],"Toll-like":[118],"4":[120],"(TLR4).":[121],"stimulation":[123],"triggered":[124],"phosphorylation":[126],"mitogen-activated":[128],"protein":[129],"kinases":[130],"JNK,":[131,184],"p38,":[132,185],"ERK,":[134,186],"as":[135,137],"well":[136],"nuclear":[139],"translocation":[140],"NF-\u03baB,":[142],"all":[144],"played":[145],"essential":[146],"roles":[147],"activating":[149],"expression.":[151],"CONCLUSIONS:":[152],"Our":[153],"results":[154],"indicate":[155],"polysaccharides":[159],"produced":[160],"stimulate":[164],"via":[166],"engagement":[168],"multiple":[170],"pattern-recognition":[171],"receptors":[172],"Dectin-1,":[174],"TLR4,":[177],"resulting":[178],"activation":[181],"Syk,":[183],"NK-\u03baB":[188],"TNF-\u03b1.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}