{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985409587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","title":"Robotic Therapy and Botulinum Toxin Type A","display_name":"Robotic Therapy and Botulinum Toxin Type A","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985409587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","mag":"1985409587","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18617860"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137284937","display_name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","issn_l":"0894-9115","issn":["0894-9115","1537-7385"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111933972","display_name":"Susan E. Fasoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2216-6151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2216-6151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799748957","display_name":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/011dvr318","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799748957","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Susan E. Fasoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02462, USA","(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02462, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799748957"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023998974","display_name":"Maria A. Fragala-Pinkham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-7519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-7519"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Fragala-Pinkham","raw_affiliation_strings":["(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110833978","display_name":"Richard L. Hughes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067050655","display_name":"Hermano Igo Krebs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-0900","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-0900"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hermano Igo Krebs","raw_affiliation_strings":["(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112008455","display_name":"Neville Hogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-2145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-2145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neville Hogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083931095","display_name":"Joel M. Stein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-025X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-025X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152319","display_name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03e4tg734","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Stein","raw_affiliation_strings":["(HIK)","(MFP)","(NH)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(HIK)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(MFP)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(NH)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111933972"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799748957","https://openalex.org/I4387152319"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6353,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82382634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"12","first_page":"1022","last_page":"1026"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11274","display_name":"Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders","score":0.14249999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-assisted-therapy","display_name":"robot-assisted therapy","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin-type-a","display_name":"botulinum toxin type A","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spastic-hemiplegia","display_name":"spastic hemiplegia","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-limb-function","display_name":"upper limb function","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-limb-coordination","display_name":"upper limb coordination","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-performance","display_name":"motor performance","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-directed-reaching","display_name":"goal-directed reaching","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-therapy","display_name":"occupational therapy","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8984805345535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777478456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208413","display_name":"Botulinum toxin","level":2,"score":0.5801610946655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.42374885082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3723621368408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.23282229900360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002547","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Palsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005081","descriptor_name":"Exercise Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006429","descriptor_name":"Hemiplegia","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009465","descriptor_name":"Neuromuscular Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019274","descriptor_name":"Botulinum Toxins, Type A","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D034941","descriptor_name":"Upper Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31817fb346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137284937","display_name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","issn_l":"0894-9115","issn":["0894-9115","1537-7385"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18617860","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18617860","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G247099178","display_name":"The Effect of Proximal and Distal Training on Stroke Recovery","funder_award_id":"R01HD045343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989882150","https://openalex.org/W2015033575","https://openalex.org/W2057337590","https://openalex.org/W2113585314","https://openalex.org/W2123522261","https://openalex.org/W2126715252","https://openalex.org/W2128123720","https://openalex.org/W2150384337","https://openalex.org/W2160898908","https://openalex.org/W2161839080","https://openalex.org/W2166044895","https://openalex.org/W2168176613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026562433","https://openalex.org/W2040066098","https://openalex.org/W2363117607","https://openalex.org/W2055804579","https://openalex.org/W2160898908","https://openalex.org/W2118450347","https://openalex.org/W2765640573","https://openalex.org/W2007977734","https://openalex.org/W4410266709","https://openalex.org/W1078929456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79],"combined":[1,91,126],"effects":[2],"of":[3,52,69,101,136],"robotic":[4,76,117],"therapy":[5,28,77,90,118],"and":[6,15,57,67,134],"botulinum":[7],"toxin":[8],"type":[9],"A":[10,94],"(BTX-A)":[11],"on":[12],"upper-limb":[13,65,132],"movement":[14],"function":[16],"were":[17,72],"studied":[18],"in":[19,64,139],"an":[20],"8(1/2)-yr-old":[21],"child":[22],"with":[23,84,92,127,141],"hemiplegic":[24],"cerebral":[25,142],"palsy.":[26,143],"Robotic":[27],"comprising":[29],"repetitive,":[30],"goal-directed":[31],"reaching":[32],"tasks":[33],"was":[34],"administered":[35],"two":[36],"times":[37],"per":[38],"week":[39],"for":[40,130],"8":[41],"wks.":[42],"Clinical":[43],"measures":[44],"included":[45],"the":[46,50,58,75,99],"Modified":[47],"Ashworth":[48],"Scale,":[49],"Quality":[51],"Upper":[53],"Extremity":[54],"Skills":[55],"Test,":[56],"Fugl-Meyer":[59],"Assessment":[60],"(upper-limb":[61],"section).":[62],"Improvements":[63],"coordination":[66,133],"quality":[68,135],"motor":[70,137],"performance":[71,138],"apparent":[73],"throughout":[74],"trial.":[78],"observed":[80],"gains":[81],"are":[82],"comparable":[83],"those":[85],"attained":[86],"from":[87],"conventional":[88],"occupational":[89],"BTX-A.":[93],"parent":[95],"questionnaire":[96],"indicated":[97],"that":[98,116],"amount":[100],"paretic":[102],"arm":[103],"use":[104],"also":[105],"improved":[106],"during":[107],"daily":[108],"activities":[109],"at":[110],"home.":[111],"This":[112],"preliminary":[113],"study":[114],"indicates":[115],"may":[119],"be":[120],"a":[121],"useful":[122],"clinical":[123],"tool":[124],"when":[125],"BTX-A":[128],"injections":[129],"improving":[131],"children":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}